Mimicking the biological world: Methods for the 3<scp>D</scp> structuring of artificial cellular environments

Schober, Andreas; Fernekorn, Uta; Singh, Sukhdeep; Schlingloff, Gregor; Gebinoga, Michael; Hampl, Jörg; Williamson, Adam

doi:10.1002/elsc.201200088

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(270 reference statements)

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“…As shown in Figure 3(b), to prevent cells from passing through, two pins in the channel center were pushed toward the fixed 2) The spheroid settles before the narrow region, and another pin is moved to narrow the channel on the other side of the spheroid. (3) An hLF spheroid is introduced and settles before the pin actuated in step (2). (4) Another pin is moved to enclose both the settled HUVEC and LF spheroids between narrow regions, giving a coculture.…”

Section: Patterning Of Cocultured Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 3(c), the pins were manipulated to seed one to five cells in the area defined by one retracted pin (cross-sectional size, 300 lm Â 300 lm). The culture area was then adjusted by further pin movement to reach a cell density in the range of 10-20 cells/mm 2 . All the cells expelled from the cell culture area were aspirated from the channel.…”

Section: Cell Culture With a Variable Culture Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described in recent reviews, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] many advanced cell culture systems, such as single cell culture, coculture, and 3D culture, have been developed, in addition to microfluidic cell culture systems for in vivo-like perfusion culture. To accomplish complex handling of flows, cells, and cell culture surfaces in microfluidic systems, various microsized structures have been used, including meanders, 9 pillars, 10 branching and confluence of microchannels for cell sorting, 11 stimulation, 12 patterning, 13 and traps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconfigurable microfluidic device with discretized sidewall

et al. 2017

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Various microfluidic features, such as traps, have been used to manipulate flows, cells, and other particles within microfluidic systems. However, these features often become undesirable in subsequent steps requiring different fluidic configurations. To meet the changing needs of various microfluidic configurations, we developed a reconfigurable microfluidic channel with movable sidewalls using mechanically discretized sidewalls of laterally aligned rectangular pins. The user can deform the channel sidewall at any time after fabrication by sliding the pins. We confirmed that the flow resistance of the straight microchannel could be reversibly adjusted in the range of 101–105 Pa s/μl by manually displacing one of the pins comprising the microchannel sidewall. The reconfigurable microchannel also made it possible to manipulate flows and cells by creating a segmented patterned culture of COS-7 cells and a coculture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human lung fibroblasts (hLFs) inside the microchannel. The reconfigurable microfluidic device successfully maintained a culture of COS-7 cells in a log phase throughout the entire period of 216 h. Furthermore, we performed a migration assay of cocultured HUVEC and hLF spheroids within one microchannel and observed their migration toward each other.

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Section: Patterning Of Cocultured Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cell Culture With a Variable Culture Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconfigurable microfluidic device with discretized sidewall

et al. 2017

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“…[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Most of these technologies based on complex steps require advanced and expensive machines to fabricate the desired constructs. Other bottom-up approaches using cell-laden hydrogels, currently, propose use of nano/micro scale technologies, such as microdroplet technologies based on bioprinting, microfluidics, acoustic/magnetic fields, and surface tension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compartmentalized bioencapsulated liquefied 3D macro-construct by perfusion-based layer-by-layer technique

et al. 2015

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The biological response of L929 cells encapsulated in individual Ca-Alg beads, non-liquefied 3D constructs, liquefied 3D constructs and was assessed by live-dead and MTS assays. Ca-Alg beads were selected as reference as reference group using an equal number of unbound beads to that in 3D constructs.The green fluorescence detected in live-dead assays revealed that encapsulated cells remained viable up to 7 days of culture both in non-liquefied ( Figure 4A) and liquefied ( Figure 4B) constructs. Figure 4. L929 cell viability up to 7 days of culture. (A) Live-dead fluorescence assay at day 7 of cell culture of non-liquefied and (B) liquefied 3D constructs. Living cells were stained green by calcein-AM and dead cells red by propidium iodide. Scale bars: 200 µm.(C) MTS colorimetric assay of control, nonliquefied and liquefied 3D constructs after 3 and 7 days of culture (* for same sample groups, # for different sample groups, p < 0.05). The error bar for liquefied sample after 3 days is too small to be seen.These observations suggest the process of making these constructs did not jeopardize cell viability, and the flow of culture medium was efficient in providing nutrients to the encapsulated cells. The quantitative MTS assay when comparing the values obtained for the 3 rd and 7 th day showed that whereas in both reference group and non-liquefied constructs cell metabolic activity decreased, it increased significantly A novel biofabrication process based on "perfusion-based layer-by-layer" technique using cell encapsulated hydrogel beads as building blocks is proposed to produce a freeform 3D construct with controllable switching of solid to liquified microenvironment for the use in tissue engineering/organ printing.

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“…agar), considerable interest in the application of 3D tissue culture systems has developed and these platforms are now becoming more widely employed, with a multitude of different methods for achieving such materials having being developed (see Table 2 and Fig. 2) 51,52 . Cells proliferate and migrate within and atop these 3D materials and those such as hydrogels can approximate biological structures such as the ECM while displaying 'smart' properties such as an ability to respond to culture conditions and external stimuli 53 .…”

Section: Three Dimensional Culture Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance and Clinical Relevance of Surfaces in Tissue Culture

Hickman

Boocock

Pockley

et al. 2016

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Cell and tissue culture has evolved from the use of simple glassware for the propagation of cells and tissues into a comprehensive platform for interrogating complex biological systems, directing cell fate and deriving products with clinical and therapeutic value.However, despite significant advances, current in vitro culture approaches remain limited in their capacity to model the clinical/biological complexities of disease, in part at least due to the deficiencies of existing culture materials. The challenge is therefore to identify innovative materials-based solutions that have greater control over cells in vitro, while better representing biological systems in vivo. Such platforms would be suitable for biomarker discovery and tissue engineering applications. This review examines the development of tissue culture materials, advances in our understanding of cell-surface interactions and the application of this knowledge towards the development of new approaches for better examining biological events.3 he ability to culture cells and tissues in vitro is a fundamental aspect of modern science. Established early in the twentieth century, notably through the work of Harrison R.G. of John Hopkins University 1 , the ability to culture cells and tissues has markedly improved during the intervening period. The field has progressed from an ability to maintain and culture tissue for extended periods, through the discovery and establishment of immortal cell lines, to today, where tissue engineering is making considerable progress in the production of artificial tissues and organs in vitro [2][3][4] . Key to these successes have been advances in the culture surfaces on which cells and tissues are grown.This review summarizes progress in the development of tissue culture materials, highlights current requirements and existing limitations for in vitro culture, and examines their relevance to clinical questions and our current understanding of tissue culture materials design. Although long-established, current culture materials may not always be appropriate for modelling in vivo conditions, and innovative strategies are therefore required in order to overcome existing limitations. Current Issues with Tissue Culture:Numerous articles have highlighted the drawbacks and limitations of current in vitro culture systems 5,6 . Concerns revolve around deficiencies in the culture systems and the tissue they generate. Although the latter can be linked to the quality of the initial cellular material, contamination and/or poor maintenance of historical cell lines 6,7 , it can also result from deficiencies in the culture systems i.e. not all cell populations are amenable to in vitro culture.Problems are compounded once tissue enters in vitro culture, as derived populations are expected to maintain their in vivo relevance. However, cells naturally adapt to the local environment and T 4 prolonged culture of immortalized cell lines results in a progressive divergence from the parental population 6,8,9 . Although loss or gain of ab...

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Mimicking the biological world: Methods for the 3D structuring of artificial cellular environments

Cited by 29 publications

References 152 publications

Reconfigurable microfluidic device with discretized sidewall

Reconfigurable microfluidic device with discretized sidewall

Compartmentalized bioencapsulated liquefied 3D macro-construct by perfusion-based layer-by-layer technique

The Importance and Clinical Relevance of Surfaces in Tissue Culture

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