Mimicking efferent nerves using a graphdiyne-based artificial synapse with multiple ion diffusion dynamics

Abstract

A graphdiyne-based artificial synapse (GAS), exhibiting intrinsic short-term plasticity, has been proposed to mimic biological signal transmission behavior. The impulse response of the GAS has been reduced to several millivolts with competitive femtowatt-level consumption, exceeding the biological level by orders of magnitude. Most importantly, the GAS is capable of parallelly processing signals transmitted from multiple pre-neurons and therefore realizing dynamic logic and spatiotemporal rules. It is also found that the GAS is thermally stable (at 353 K) and environmentally stable (in a relative humidity up to 35%). Our artificial efferent nerve, connecting the GAS with artificial muscles, has been demonstrated to complete the information integration of pre-neurons and the information output of motor neurons, which is advantageous for coalescing multiple sensory feedbacks and reacting to events. Our synaptic element has potential applications in bioinspired peripheral nervous systems of soft electronics, neurorobotics, and biohybrid systems of brain–computer interfaces.

Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin

“…Figure 4(e) shows the EPSC results triggered by two successive presynaptic pulses with a Δtpre of 200 ms. The EPSC peak from the second pulse (A2) is greater than that from the first presynaptic pulse (A1) because part of the induced ions in the first pulse still exist at the interface between ion gel and channel layer, which results in a higher conductance in the second pulse [30,31]. The PPF index is defined as A2/A1 × 100%, which can be weakened or strengthened by adjusting the intervals between two successive pulses.…”

Challenges and emerging opportunities in transistor-based ultrathin electronics: design and fabrication for healthcare applications

“…228,229 An ultrathin organic photovoltaic device, 230 with an extremely light weight of 4 g m −2 without sacrificing high performance, is also an effective power alternative to be considered. 72 Organic based ultra-flexible processors and short-/long-term memory modules, such as artificial synapses and flexible mersisters, are also desirable substitutes for silicon-based processors, opening opportunities to start a new era based on the advances in the traditional von Neumann architecture 42,50,213,231–234 (see Fig. 10G and H).…”

Near‐Infrared Artificial Synapses for Artificial Sensory Neuron System

“…[34][35][36][37][38] Using artificial synapses and neurons to build artificial visual perception system has gradually become a hot topic. [39][40][41][42][43][44] The retina composed of multi-layer neurons, is responsible for most of the perceptual information of learning and memory. The information of wavelength and intensity of incident light is converted into nerve pulses through synaptic connection,…”