Miltefosine, a promising novel agent for schistosomiasis mansoni

Ultrastructural study of morphological changes in Schistosoma mansoni after in vitro exposure to the monoterpene rotundifolone

“…It has been suggested that, because of the large number of constituents, essential oils may have no specific cellular target 31 . Additionally, as the lipophilic compounds present in essential oils can pass through the cell wall, integument, and cytoplasmic membrane, they may damage the structure of the cellular membranes during their passage, which may cause cellular lysis 32,33 . Regarding their biological properties, some of the activities of essential oils are associated with loss of ions and reduction of membrane potential, as well as collapse of the proton pump and depletion of the ATP pool 34,35 .…”

New scope on the relationship between rotifers and Biomphalaria alexandrina snails

“…Five laboratory-bred Swiss strain albino mice were infected with 150 cercariae per mouse using the paddling technique [24] . Seven weeks post-infection, eggs obtained from the intestines and livers of infected mice were exposed to direct sunlight for approximately 30 min to stimulate miracidial hatching.…”

“…The infectivity powers of cercariae shed from all exposed snails subgroups (SG II-A,-B,-C) were investigated. A total fo 120 locally bred Swiss albino mice, [4][5][6] weeks old and weighing [20][21][22][23][24][25] g, were infected with 80 S. mansoni cercariae per mouse using the paddling technique [24] . Mice were equally distributed among 4 subsequent subgroups (n=40/subgroup), to be subsequently examined along the 1-4 weeks duration of shedding.…”

“…Hepatic and portomesenteric vessels were perfused, using citrated saline, to recover adult schistosomes [24] . Infectivity rate was calculated for each subgroup (No.…”

The Use of Brazilian Medicinal Plants to Combat Schistosoma mansoni

“…The most recent researches on new compounds or drugs with schistosomicidal activity have been carried out with: a) inhibitors of cysteine protease, such as K11777, considered a powerful schistosomicide that reduces the pathogenesis of experimental schistosomiasis (Abdulla et al, 2007), b) RNAi, in the attempt to develop drugs or compounds that act as enzyme silencers, e.g., the compound 4-phenyl-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carbonitrile-2-oxide, or furoxan, which acts on thioredoxin-glutathione reductase from S. mansoni (Kuntz et al, 2007, Sayed et al, 2008, c) trioxolanes or secondary ozonides (1, 2, 4-trioxolanes), which comprehend a class of synthetic endoperoxides that are cheap, easily synthesised, and similar to artemisinins, having activity on experimental infections with S. mansoni and S. japonicum (Caffrey, 2007, Xiao et al, 2007, d) mefloquine (antimalarial), which showed schistosomicidal activity against young and adult S. mansoni worms (Van Nassauw et al, 2008, Keiser et al, 2009), e) arachidonic acid, which showed schistosomicidal properties against S. mansoni and S. haematobium ( E l R i d i e t a l . , 2010), and f) miltefosine (antileishmania), which reduced the parasite burden of mice infected with S. mansoni (Eissa et al, 2011). At the present moment there are no clinical assays with these compounds.…”