Milrinone

Alousi, Adawia A.; Fabian, R.J.; Baker, James F.; Stroshane, Ronald M.

doi:10.1111/j.1527-3466.1985.tb00481.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Although milrinone is more potent than amrinone, the pharmacology of these two drugs with respect to their positive inotropic and vasodilatory effects has been quite comparable (3). The mechanism of the cardiotonic action of these bipyridine compounds is not fully understood, but most current evidence suggests that their effects are due to inhibition of specific phosphodiesterase activity (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amrinone inhibited macromolecular synthesis in bone tissue, which could explain some but not all of the observed effects (2). Milrinone (2-methyl-5-cyano- [3,4'-bipyridine]-6[ lH]-one) is an analog of amrinone that differs only in the addition ofa methyl group and the replacement of a cyano for an amino group on one pyridine ring of the drug (3). Milrinone has been reported to be a more potent cardiotonic agent with lower toxicity than amrinone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiotonic agent milrinone stimulates resorption in rodent bone organ culture.

Krieger¹,

Stappenbeck²,

Stern³

1987

J. Clin. Invest.

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MethodsThe cardiotonic agent amrinone inhibits bone resorption in vitro. Milrinone, an amrinone analog, is a more potent cardiotonic agent with lower toxicity. In contrast to amrinone, milrinone stimulated resorption in cultures of neonatal mouse calvaria and fetal rat limb bones. Threshold doses were 0.1 l&M in calvaria and 0.1 mM in limb bones; maximal stimulation occurred in calvaria at 0.1 mM. Maximal responses to milrinone and parathyroid hormone were comparable. Milrinone concentrations below 0.1 mM did not affect calvarial cyclic AMP. 0.5 luM indomethacin inhibited milne effects in calvaria but usually not in limb bones. 3 nM calcitonin inhibited milrinone-stimulated resorption and there was no escape from this inhibition. Structural homology between milrinone and thyroxine has been reported. We find similarities between milrinone and thyroxine actions on bone, because prostaglandin production was crucial for the effects of both agents in calvaria but not in limb bones, and neither agent exhibited escape from calcitonin inhibition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiotonic agent milrinone stimulates resorption in rodent bone organ culture.

Krieger¹,

Stappenbeck²,

Stern³

1987

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…In healthy subjects, milrinone has been reported to be mainly excreted in the urine in two forms: unchanged (83%) and as an O-glucuronic acid conjugate (12%) (Primacor®, n.d.). Alousi et al (1985) reported a similar mean extent of glucuronidation in dogs using radioactive compounds and separation by HPLC (15 %). Therefore, determination of the total amount of milrinone excreted in urine after nebulization would allow us to assess the systemic bioavailability after this highly variable route of administration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…A mean extent of 12% for O-glucuronidation has been reported in healthy volunteers (Primacor®, n.d.). Alousi et al (1985) reported using a mild acid hydrolysis without providing a description of the incubation conditions nor of the between-subject variability in the content of the glucuronic acid conjugate.…”

Section: Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐performance liquid chromatography assay using ultraviolet detection for urinary quantification of milrinone concentrations in cardiac surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass

Gavra

Nguyen

Beauregard

et al. 2014

Biomedical Chromatography

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An analytical assay using liquid-liquid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection was developed for the quantification of total (conjugated and unconjugated) urinary concentrations of milrinone after the inhalation of a 5 mg dose in 15 cardiac patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Urine samples (700 μL) were extracted with ethyl-acetate and subsequently underwent acid back-extraction before and after deconjugation by mild acid hydrolysis. Milrinone was separated on a strong cation exchange analytical column. The mobile phase consisted of a constant mixture of acetonitrile:tetrahydrofurane-NaH2 PO4 buffer (40:60 v/v, pH 3.0). Thirteen calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 31.25-4000 ng/mL, using olprinone as the internal standard (r(2) range 0.9911-0.9999, n = 13). Mean milrinone recovery and accuracy were respectively 85.2 ± 3.1% and ≥93%. Intra- and inter-day precisions (coefficients of variation) were ≤5% and ≤8%, respectively. Over a 24 h collection period, the cumulative urinary milrinone recovered from 15 patients was 26.1 ± 7.7% of the nominal 5 mg dose administered. The relative amount of milrinone glucuronic acid conjugate was negligible in the urine of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass This method proved to be reliable, specific and accurate to determine the cumulative amount of total milrinone recovered in urine after inhalation.

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Milrinone 78415‐72‐2

2004

Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

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Milrinone

Cited by 6 publications

References 92 publications

Cardiotonic agent milrinone stimulates resorption in rodent bone organ culture.

Cardiotonic agent milrinone stimulates resorption in rodent bone organ culture.

High‐performance liquid chromatography assay using ultraviolet detection for urinary quantification of milrinone concentrations in cardiac surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass

Milrinone 78415‐72‐2

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