Milling as a pretreatment method for increasing the reactivity of natural zeolites for use as supplementary cementitious materials

Burris, Lisa E.; Juenger, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.09.008

Cited by 55 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Burris and Juenger [25] showed that treating natural zeolites with acids dealuminates them, increasing surface area and thus pozzolanic reactivity (as measured by calcium hydroxide consumption). Likewise, milling zeolites decreases particle size, increasing filler effects and pozzolanic reactivity [26]. The high internal surface area of zeolites also provides unique opportunities for improved concrete performance, such as enhanced internal curing to reduce autogenous shrinkage [27] or self-healing of cracks [28].…”

Section: Waste Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary cementitious materials: New sources, characterization, and performance insights

Juenger

Snellings

Bernal

2019

Cement and Concrete Research

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655

171

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Conventional supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as blast furnace slags or fly ashes, have been used for many decades, and a large body of knowledge has been collected regarding their compositional make-up and their impacts on cement hydration and concrete properties. This accumulated empirical experience can provide a solid, confident base to go beyond the status quo and develop a new generation of low-clinker cements composed of new types and combinations of SCMs.The need for new sources of SCMs has never been greater, as supplies of traditional SCMs are becoming restricted, and the demand for SCMs to reduce CO2 emissions from concrete production is increasing. In this paper, recent research on emerging SCM sources is reviewed, along with new developments in characterizing and qualifying SCMs for use and improved knowledge of SCMs on long-term concrete performance and durability. Keywords(B) Characterization; (C) Durability; (D) Blended Cement; (D) Filler; (D) Pozzolan Material Chemistry Used as SCM (Mt/y)Total volume est. (Mt/y) Comments Blast furnace slag Ca-Si-Al 330 300-360 Nearly fully used, latent hydraulic Coal fly ash Si-Al 330-400 700-1100 Subject to limitations on carbon content, reactivity Natural pozzolans Si-Al 75 Large accessible reserves Large variety/variability, often high water demand Silica fume Si 0.5-1 1-2.5 Used in high-performance concrete Calcined clays Si-Al 3 Large accessible reserves Metakaolin performs best, often high water demand Limestone CaCO3 300 Large accessible reserves Cementitious contribution in combination with reactive aluminates Biomass ash Si 0 100-140 Competition with use as soil amendment, high water demand, (for some: high alkali contents) MSWI bottom ash Si-Al-Ca 0 30-60 Expansive and corrosive components, leaching issues Steel slag Ca-Si-Fe 0 (negligible) 170-250 Various types, can contain expansive components (CaO) or leachable heavy C L reactivity Copper slag Fe-Si 0 (some as filler) 30-40 Low reactivity, leaching of heavy metals, more research needed Other non-ferro slags Fe-(Si)-(Ca) 0 (some as filler) 5-15 Mt/y each (FeCr, Pb, Ni) Low reactivity, leaching of heavy metals, more research needed

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Section: Waste Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary cementitious materials: New sources, characterization, and performance insights

Juenger

Snellings

Bernal

2019

Cement and Concrete Research

Self Cite

655

171

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“…It was demonstrated that the combined use of liquid hot‐water treatment and biological pretreatment helps in the better enzymatic saccharification of Populus tormentosa . Details of all these methods are summarized in Table …”

Section: Conventional Pretreatment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in application of nanotechnology for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass

Ingle

Chandel

Antunes

et al. 2018

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Pretreatment is an inevitable step in the bioethanol / biochemicals production process in which lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is converted to fermentable sugars. It has a large impact on process cost, constituting approximately 40% of total processing cost of bioethanol or biochemical production. Several physical, chemical, physicochemical, and biological pretreatment approaches are available but there are certain limitations to the use of all of these methods on a large scale, which mainly include high processing costs, the generation of toxic inhibitors, and the detoxification of the inhibitors generated. These limitations collectively restrict the use of the existing methods and warrants for the development of a novel, efficient, cost‐effective, and ecofriendly approach for the pretreatment of LB. In this context, nanotechnology‐based pretreatment methods, involving the use of various nanomaterials, have been proposed. The smaller size of nanomaterials makes them more efficient in penetrating the cell walls of LB and hence such nanomaterials can readily interact with the lignocellulosic components at low severity to release carbohydrates to be used for bioethanol and / or biochemical production. This review provides a brief description of various existing pretreatment methods and their advantages and disadvantages. It also presents a critical overview of the application of various nanotechnological methods in the pretreatment of different lignocellulosic substrates. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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“…Previous research indicates that the use of the raw form of these naturally occurring materials is technically not feasible. To cope with this issue, different treatment techniques were recommended such as mechanical grinding to produce the finest material, heating at elevated temperatures to get amorphous phases, and chemical treatment to develop more reactive products [25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. Due to the high cost of these methods, critical research is required to properly investigate all the potential naturally available materials in different parts of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fineness of Basaltic Volcanic Ash on Pozzolanic Reactivity, ASR Expansion and Drying Shrinkage of Blended Cement Mortars

et al. 2019

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This study focuses on evaluating the effect of the fineness of basaltic volcanic ash (VA) on the engineering properties of cement pozzolan mixtures. In this study, VA of two different fineness, i.e., VA fine (VF) and VA ultra-fine (VUF) and commercially available fly ash (FA) was used to partially replace cement. Including a control and a hybrid mix (10% each of VUF and FA), eleven mortar mixes were prepared with various percentages of VA and FA (10%, 20% and 30%) to partially replace cement. First, material characterization was performed by using X-ray florescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, and a modified Chappelle test. Then, the compressive strength development, alkali silica reactivity (ASR), and drying shrinkage of all mortar mixes were investigated. Finally, XRD analysis on paste samples of all mixes was performed to assess their pozzolanic reactivity at ages of 7 and 91 days. The results showed increased Chappelle reactivity values with an increase in the fineness of the VA. Mortars containing high percentages of VUF (20% and 30%) showed almost equal compressive strength compared to corresponding FA mortars at all ages, however, the hybrid mix (10% VUF + 10% FA) exhibited higher strength than that of the reference mix (100% cement), particularly, at 91 days. At low percentages (10%), ASR expansion in both VF and VUF mortars was higher compared to the corresponding FA mortar and the opposite behavior was observed at high percentages (20% and 30%). Among all the mixes including the control, mortar with VUF was found to be most effective in controlling drying shrinkages at all ages. The rate of consumption of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) for pastes containing VUF and FA was almost the same, while VF showed low Ca(OH)2 intensity. These results indicate that an increase in the fineness of VA significantly improvs performance, and therefore, it could be a feasible substitute for commercial admixtures in cement composites.

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Milling as a pretreatment method for increasing the reactivity of natural zeolites for use as supplementary cementitious materials

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Supplementary cementitious materials: New sources, characterization, and performance insights

Supplementary cementitious materials: New sources, characterization, and performance insights

New trends in application of nanotechnology for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass

Effect of Fineness of Basaltic Volcanic Ash on Pozzolanic Reactivity, ASR Expansion and Drying Shrinkage of Blended Cement Mortars

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