Millimeter-Wave Spatial Multiplexing in an Indoor Environment

Torkildson, Eric; Sheldon, Colin; Madhow, Upamanyu; Rodwell, M.J.W.

doi:10.1109/glocomw.2009.5360686

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In this paper, we consolidate results reported in two of our recent publications [1], [2], demonstrating the effectiveness of ray tracing for modeling the relatively sparse multipath for 60 GHz channels.…”

Section: B Two Case Studiessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The receive array responses to the two transmit elements become highly correlated and spatial multiplexing gain is lost. This effect can be mitigated by adding more elements (subarrays) to the receive array [2].…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second scenario [2] is an indoor link between two devices whose form factors correspond to typical electronic devices such as set-top boxes, television sets and laptops. We first note that spatial multiplexing is available even in LoS environments when antennas are separated by distances of the order of centimeters, since these correspond to several wavelengths (again, each of these antennas would typically be an electronically steerable antenna array); this is an old result, but becomes particularly relevant at small wavelengths.…”

Section: B Two Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Channel modeling for millimeter wave MIMO

Torkildson

Zhang

Madhow

2010

2010 Information Theory and Applications Workshop (ITA)

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Abstract-The large amounts of bandwidth available in the millimeter (mm) wave band enable multiGigabit wireless networks with applications ranging from indoor multimedia networking to outdoor backhaul for picocellular networks. Carrier wavelengths in this band are an order of magnitude smaller than those for existing cellular and WiFi systems, resulting in a drastically different propagation geometry. Omnidirectional transmission is essentially infeasible because of the increased propagation loss at smaller wavelengths; on the other hand, highly directive transmission and reception with electronically steerable beams can be achieved using compact antenna arrays. Thus, in contrast to the rich scattering environment at lower carrier frequencies, a small number of paths are dominant for directional mm wave links. The small wavelength also implies that spatial multiplexing gains can be obtained even in Line of Sight (LoS), or more generally, sparse scattering, environments with antennas with moderate separation. In this paper, we examine the consequences of these observations for two scenarios. The first is a lamppost-based outdoor deployment, where we model fading due to ground and wall reflections, and examine MIMO techniques for combating fading. The second is for spatial multiplexing for an indoor link, where we model the number of eigenmodes as a function of form factor, and examine the effect of blockage. I. INTRODUCTIONMillimeter wave communication corresponds to the next big leap in wireless technology. The large amounts of unlicensed and semi-unlicensed spectrum in this band (especially the 7 GHz of unlicensed bandwidth in the 60 GHz band), together with the development of low-cost silicon realizations of mm wave radio frequency integrated circuits, imply that commercially viable multiGigabit wireless technology is now within reach. The carrier wavelengths in this band are an order of magnitude smaller than those in existing cellular and WiFi networks. As a result, the propagation and interference characteristics are drastically different from our current experience in wireless network design, and demand new models and design approaches, both at the physical and higher layers. Our purpose in this paper is to highlight how mm wave Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channels differ from their counterparts at lower carrier frequencies. To this end, we investigate channel models for two scenarios. The first is for a typical link in a lamppost-based outdoor deployment (e.g., for a mesh backhaul), where we model fading due to ground and wall reflections, and examine MIMO techniques for combating fading. The second is for spatial multiplexing for an indoor link (e.g., for streaming high-definition television from a settop box to a television set), where we model the number of eigenmodes as a function of form factor, and examine the effect of blockage.

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Section: B Two Case Studiessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Two Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Channel modeling for millimeter wave MIMO

Torkildson

Zhang

Madhow

2010

2010 Information Theory and Applications Workshop (ITA)

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“…While each data stream travels through different propagation channels, the receivers also equipped with multiple antennas will be able to receive and reconstruct the original data transmitted with better spectral efficiency [63]. Spatial multiplexing is mostly effective when the propagation paths are rich and can support multiple data streams for transmission, and also when the channel has high signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) which will not affect the signal strength when the original signal has to be split into multiple data streams [64]. Beamforming, on the other hand, combines antenna array elements at the base station adaptively and utilizes the beamforming weights multiplied on each element to control the directions to which the data streams are transmitted [65].…”

Section: Spatial Multiplexing and Beamformingmentioning

confidence: 99%

5G roadmap: 10 key enabling technologies

et al. 2016

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“…The potential of mm-wave bands to enable gigabit-per second data rates has been studied for mobile indoor wireless systems [4] and fixed outdoor systems [5] improves the spectral efficiency by forming directional beams and allowing spatial user separation [6]. In this paper, we first discuss the link budget and typical requirements for mobile systems at a few mm-wave frequency bands, then design and performance of a mm wave base station using phased-array is discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millimeter-wave base station for mobile broadband communication

Aryanfar

Zhou

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium

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In this paper a millimeter-wave base station operating at 28GHz for mobile communication is introduced. This base station employs 64-elements antenna phased-array to enable adaptive beamforming required for mobile communication. The phased-array is constructed of sub arrays for optimal trade-off between performance and required coverage and beamforming capability. The phased array antenna is integrated with the transceivers on the same printed circuit board (PCB) using industry standard manufacturing process to minimize the cost and routing loss. The achieved link budget fulfills the requirements of the LOS and NLOS mobile communication in this band for distances in excess of lKm. The field measurements depict an end-to end EVM of better than -24dB for a 16QAM OFDM signal with 500MHz bandwidth (BW).

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Millimeter-Wave Spatial Multiplexing in an Indoor Environment

Cited by 40 publications

References 9 publications

Channel modeling for millimeter wave MIMO

Channel modeling for millimeter wave MIMO

5G roadmap: 10 key enabling technologies

Millimeter-wave base station for mobile broadband communication

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