Millimeter Wave Photonic Tightly Coupled Array

Carey, Victoria A.; Konkol, Matthew R.; Shi, Shouyuan; Mercante, Andrew; Shreve, Kevin; Wright, A.; Schuetz, Christopher A.; Prather, Dennis W.

doi:10.1109/tap.2021.3052340

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The illuminating focal point of laser controls the electrical connection between two conductive metal patches exploiting the photoconductive properties of silicon. Different in [147]- [149], the authors proposed to use the dedicated photodiodes for realizing an optically controlled TCA. The photodiode is capable of achieving an optical-to-electrical transformation that can directly drive radiating elements with high power and high linearity.…”

Section: Hmimos Tuning Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Vinieratou²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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<p>Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity. A potential and promising technology for supporting the expected extreme requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems is the concept of the holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) surface (HMIMOS), which will actualize holographic radios with reasonable power consumption and fabrication cost. An HMIMOS is an ultra-thin and nearly continuous aperture that incorporates reconfigurable and sub-wavelength-spaced antennas and/or metamaterials. Such surfaces comprising dense electromagnetic (EM) excited elements are capable of recording and manipulating impinging fields with utmost flexibility and precision, as well as with reduced cost and power consumption, thereby shaping arbitrary-intended EM waves with high energy efficiency. The powerful EM processing capability of HMIMOS opens up the possibility of wireless communications of holographic imaging level, paving the way for signal processing techniques realized in the EM domain, possibly in conjunction with their digital-domain counterparts. However, in spite of the significant potential, the studies on HMIMOS-based wireless systems are still at an initial stage, its fundamental limits remain to be unveiled, and critical technical challenges with holographic MIMO communications need to be addressed. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the holographic MIMO communications paradigm, with a special focus on their physical aspects, their theoretical foundations, as well as the enabling technologies for HMIMOS systems. We also compare HMIMOS systems with conventional multi-antenna technologies, especially massive MIMO systems, present various promising synergies of HMIMOS with current and future candidate technologies, and provide an extensive list of research challenges and open directions for future HMIMOS-empowered wireless applications.</p>

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Section: Hmimos Tuning Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Vinieratou²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The illuminating focal point of laser controls the electrical connection between two conductive metal patches exploiting the photoconductive properties of silicon. Different in [163]- [165], the authors proposed to use the dedicated photodiodes for realizing an optically controlled TCA. The photodiode is capable of achieving an optical-to-electrical transformation that can directly drive antenna elements with high power and high linearity.…”

Section: Tuning Mechanisms Of Hmimo Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Gavriilidis²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<p>Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity. A potential and promising technology for supporting the expected extreme requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems is the concept of the holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO), which will actualize holographic radios with reasonable power consumption and fabrication cost. The HMIMO is facilitated by ultra-thin, extremely large, and nearly continuous surfaces that incorporate reconfigurable and sub-wavelength-spaced antennas and/or metamaterials. Such surfaces comprising dense electromagnetic (EM) excited elements are capable of recording and manipulating impinging fields with utmost flexibility and precision, as well as with reduced cost and power consumption, thereby shaping arbitrary-intended EM waves with high energy efficiency. The powerful EM processing capability of HMIMO opens up the possibility of wireless communications of holographic imaging level, paving the way for signal processing techniques realized in the EM-domain, possibly in conjunction with their digital-domain counterparts. However, in spite of the significant potential, the studies on HMIMO communications are still at an initial stage, its fundamental limits remain to be unveiled, and a certain number of critical technical challenges need to be addressed. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the HMIMO communications paradigm, with a special focus on their physical aspects, their theoretical foundations, as well as the enabling technologies for HMIMO systems. We also compare the HMIMO with existing multi-antenna technologies, especially the massive MIMO, present various promising synergies of HMIMO with current and future candidate technologies, and provide an extensive list of research challenges and open directions for future HMIMO-empowered wireless applications.</p>

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“…A maximum gain as high as 6.8 dB was obtained, and the antenna element had a beamwidth larger than 95 degrees. To expand the operating bandwidth of a phased array, a tightly coupled array technology with broadband characteristics was used as an antenna in [50]. A dipole antenna was selected as the antenna element, and the designed antenna array was able to cover the 13-60 GHz band, with a bandwidth of more than 4:1, and it was able to conduct beam scanning within an angle of 30 degrees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Beam-Scanning Phased Array Based on Microwave Photonics

Luan,

Yang,

Ren

et al. 2024

Electronics

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A one-dimensional active broadband phased array based on microwave photonics that works in the Ku band is proposed to achieve a large instantaneous bandwidth. The phased array uses a feeding network based on microwave photonics to provide the true time delay and a wide operating bandwidth. The array is mainly composed of a broadband horn antenna, an RF transmitting/receiving module, an optical network module, and a temperature control module. The form of a horn was selected for the antenna unit, and it was fed through a waveguide to obtain a wide operating bandwidth. An optical fiber delay line that could realize the true time delay at different frequencies was adopted for the time-delay module of the optical network. To obtain a large time delay and small quantization error, a hybrid time-delay diagram utilizing electrical and optical time delays was used in the design. In addition, a temperature control module was added to the antenna system to enhance the stability of the photonic time-delay module. For verification, a prototype of the presented antenna system was designed, fabricated, and measured. The experimental results showed that the optical phased array antenna was able to scan ±20° from 12 GHz to 17 GHz, and the beam pointing did not appear to be offset over the wide operating bandwidth.

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Millimeter Wave Photonic Tightly Coupled Array

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Broadband Beam-Scanning Phased Array Based on Microwave Photonics

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