Millets, Phytochemicals, and Their Health Attributes

Advances in the novel and green-assisted techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from millets: A comprehensive review

“…Finger millet is also known to contain several flavonoids, including catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, and quercetin [ 55 ]. Moreover, proanthocyanidins, which are oligomeric or polymeric flavonoids, are also present [ 56 ]. Proso millet has high levels of total carotenoids, especially beta-cryptoxanthin, xanthophyll, and zeaxanthin [ 57 ].…”

Nutritional Significance and Antioxidant-Mediated Antiaging Effects of Finger Millet: Molecular Insights and Prospects

“…Of the different millet varieties, pearl millet is the richest in both protein (12-16%) and lipids (4-6%). Millet proteins contain greater amounts of healthy rich essential amino acids (Bhat et al, 2018;Shah et al, 2021). Finger millet, for example, contains a distinctive amount of sulfur-containing amino acids and is a better source of calcium and several micronutrients and pyridoxine.…”

“…The majority of the phenolics found in millet exist as glycosides, whereas ferulic acid is the major bound phenolic acid (18.60 mg/100 g) and protocatechuic acid is the major free phenolic acid (45.0 mg/100 g) (Rao and Muralikrishna, 2002). The seed coat of finger millet is known to be rich in many potent antioxidant phenolics mostly benzoic acid derivatives (85%) such as gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid (Hegde et al, 2002;Rao and Muralikrishna, 2003;Chandrasekara and Shahidi, 2010), whereas the rest consists of either flavonoid like quercetin or cinnamic acid derivatives such as trans-cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid followed by condensed tannins (Chethan and Malleshi, 2007;Shah et al, 2021). Apart from these bound phenolic acids such as ferulic and p-coumaric acid are also found in abundance in finger millet (Table 2).…”