Milk yield and urinary-nitrogen excretion of dairy cows grazing forb pasture mixtures designed to reduce nitrogen leaching

Bryant, Racheal H.; Welten, B.G.; Costall, D. A.; Shorten, Paul R.; Edwards, G. R.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2018.01.009

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(36 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…PSM in plantain (aucubin and catalpol) have shown to be highest in concentration in autumn, supporting the hypothesis that these terpenoids are responding to cooler temperatures or increased insect pressure late in the milk production season. Anecdotal evidence that the palatability of plantain by livestock is lower in autumn (Bryant et al 2018) is likely to be linked to fluctuations in these compounds, and cow adaptation has been demonstrated to the overcome initial avoidance of plantain (Box et al 2017b). The advantage of high PSM which reduce rumen degradability in autumn may reduce the risk of high urinary N loading during this high risk period (Figure 1) and suggests plantain as a potential forage for reduced N losses.…”

Section: Plant Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urine Dilution and N Load Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inclusion of plantain or chicory does not always result in increased urine volumes (Edwards et al 2015;Nkomboni 2017;Bryant et al 2018). Normally animals will adjust their source of water to meet their requirements and increased trough water intakes have been observed by Dodd et al (2018) and Bryant et al (2018) in comparisons between diverse pastures including forbs and standard ryegrass-white clover pastures. Bryant et al (2018) using urine sensors attached to grazing dairy cows (Shepherd et al 2017a), showed that variation in forage water intake is likely to have contributed to changes in diurnal N urination.…”

Section: Urine Dilution and N Load Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Can alternative forages substantially reduce N leaching? findings from a review and associated modelling

Bryant

Snow

Shorten

et al. 2019

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrogen (N) leaching losses from grazed pasture systems pose a risk to the environment with mitigation strategies urgently required to achieve regulatory limits. There has been increased interest in alternative forages to manipulate excretion of urinary-N of livestock. This review summarises research on key forage attributes which affect the pattern of urine-N excretion. The literature showed an opportunity to alter both N concentration and moisture concentration of forages to reduce urine patch N loading. Complementary mitigations of extending the grazing rotation and reducing fertiliser were tested in simulations in addition to a diuresis effect on nitrate leaching in pastoral dairy systems. Findings suggested that forage species alone could not substantially reduce (by more than 20%) nitrate leaching. Combining all forage, management and systems-based solutions led to the greatest reductions in nitrate leaching, 59 and 31% for Waikato and Canterbury. Nonetheless, reductions in N loss came at the expense of pasture productivity which will likely affect profitability and farmer adoption of this suite of solutions in the absence of other drivers. The role of plant secondary metabolites in microbial dynamics has implications on N recycling in soil and rumen environments and this was identified as an area for further research.

show abstract

Section: Plant Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urine Dilution and N Load Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urine Dilution and N Load Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can alternative forages substantially reduce N leaching? findings from a review and associated modelling

Bryant

Snow

Shorten

et al. 2019

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In conventional perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens) pastures, N loading from urine patches is equivalent to 700-1000 kg N/ha, of which more than 50% can be lost through leaching (Di & Cameron 2002). Animal and lysimeter studies have demonstrated the efficacy of forages such as plantain (Plantago lanceolata) and Italian ryegrasses (Lolium multiflorum) to reduce N losses (Bryant et al 2018;Totty et al 2013;Woods et al 2016). When plantain accounts for 30-50% of the diet of dairy cows, urinary N concentration and estimated N excretion is reduced by more than 20% with no compromise in milk yield per cow compared with conventional ryegrass clover pastures (Woodward et al 2012;Box et al 2017;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of plantain into existing pastures

Bryant

Dodd

Moorhead

et al. 2019

Journal of NZ Grasslands

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years plantain (Plantago lanceolata) has emerged as a potential forage for reducing nitrogen losses from dairy farm systems. However, achieving sufficient proportions of plantain in pastures to help meet target reductions in nitrate leaching presents on-farm challenges. To investigate sowing methods for establishing plantain into existing pasture to achieve high plantain populations, direct drilling was compared with broadcasting before and after grazing. Additionally, pre-graze mowing versus grazing only, and early versus late first defoliation after sowing were investigated to assess their effect on reducing competition from existing pasture. Botanical composition was determined in a small-plot study at Lincoln following summer sowing under irrigation, and from commercial dairy farms in Canterbury (irrigated) and Waikato (not irrigated). Generally, direct drilling was more effective than broadcast sowing for establishing plantain. The method of defoliation after sowing (pre-graze mowing or grazing) was not as important as timing of early defoliation in the resulting plantain populations. Early grazing, while seedlings were small enough to avoid defoliation, improved plantain establishment likely by reducing competition from the pre-existing pasture.

show abstract

“…Italian ryegrass is likely to increase in popularity as a pasture species, as it is well suited for helping reduce NO 3 leaching as drainage (Malcolm et al, 2015; Woods et al, 2016; Bryant et al, 2018). However, the results from our study suggest that it may not be a suitable pasture species for grazing in Cd‐contaminated soil due to its high uptake of Cd under the tested conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium Uptake by Ryegrass and Ryegrass–Clover Mixtures under Different Liming Rates

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cadmium accumulates in soils that receive repeated applications of Cd‐rich superphosphate fertilizers. There is evidence that adding clovers to a crop solubilizes soil Cd, increasing the bioavailability of Cd. This can lead to high plant Cd concentrations. This research aimed to test whether liming‐induced increases in pH in mixed crops of clovers and ryegrasses reduced forage Cd concentrations. A greenhouse pot trial applied lime at three rates (0, 1, and 2% of soil dry weight) to eight different plant treatments—four as monocultures (perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne L.], Italian ryegrass [L. multiflorum Lam.], white clover [Trifolium repens L.], and red clover [T. pratense L.]) and four as ryegrass–clover mixtures (two plant types in each treatment)—in soil (initial soil pH = 5.1, initial soil Cd concentration = 1.31 mg kg−1) with added Cd (CdSO4 ∼ 1 mg kg−1). Adding lime increased soil pH in both mono‐ and mixed crops and, in most treatments, increased forage yields. However, the relationship between forage Cd and soil pH differed between plant treatments. In mono‐ and mixed crop treatments containing perennial ryegrass, adding lime increased the forage yield but did not increase the mass of Cd in the plants compared with the no‐lime treatment. However, adding lime to treatments that included Italian ryegrass increased both the forage yield and the Cd compared with the no‐lime treatment. The results show that a combination of certain plant species composition and lime rates can optimize forage yields without increasing forage Cd concentrations. Core Ideas Liming increased plant yield in all plant treatments. Liming decreased plant Cd uptake in mixed crops that included perennial ryegrass. Liming increased plant Cd uptake in mixed crops that included Italian ryegrass Managing Cd uptake requires the correct pairing of lime with both soil and pasture.

show abstract

Milk yield and urinary-nitrogen excretion of dairy cows grazing forb pasture mixtures designed to reduce nitrogen leaching

Abstract: Milk yield and urinary-nitrogen excretion of dairy cows grazing forb pasture mixtures designed to reduce nitrogen leaching, Livestock Science,

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Can alternative forages substantially reduce N leaching? findings from a review and associated modelling

Can alternative forages substantially reduce N leaching? findings from a review and associated modelling

Establishment of plantain into existing pastures

Cadmium Uptake by Ryegrass and Ryegrass–Clover Mixtures under Different Liming Rates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About