Milk of Polish Red and White cows as a source of nutritionally valuable fatty acids

Abstract

Abstract. Local bovine breeds are usually more resistant to diseases and better adapted to environmental and nutritional conditions than the imported ones. The aim of this study was to assess the content of individual health-related fatty acids in milk of Polish Red and White breed regarding the composition of forages. One herd of cows (n=15) were fed seasonally using locally produced forages: grazed grass, containing high amounts (55 g·100 g-1 fatty acid on average) of polyunsaturated fatty acid, and preserved forages, rich in saturated fatty acid (30 g·100 g-1 fatty acid on average). The content of butyric acid in milk averaged 4.21 g·100 g-1 fatty acid regardless of season and was higher compared to that reported for other breeds. Milk from the summer season had high content (14.67 g·100 g-1 fatty acid) of total short-chain saturated fatty acid (C4:0-C12:0), that from non-pasture season (winter) had high content of odd- and branched chain fatty acids (6.28 g·100 g-1 fatty acid). Milk fat of studied cows had relatively lower content of nutritionally controversial myristic C14:0 and palmitic C16:0 acids as comparing to milk in other breeds and proved an excellent source of vaccenic acid trans-11 C18:1 and conjugated linoleic acids cis-9, trans-11 C18:2, especially during the grazing season.

The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid profile of raw milk

“…Also, Kirchnerová et al (2013) proved a higher content of MUFAs in a pasture-based feeding system. On the other hand, Adamska et al (2014) did not find differences in total MUFAs but confirmed the positive effect of pasture on C18:1 FAs in Polish indigenous cattle.…”

“…Frelich et al (2012) described lower content of short-chain SFAs (C4:0 − C10:0) and C12:0 in S compared to W in herds kept indoors (P < 0.05). Seasonal variations among SFAs were also noted by Adamska et al (2014).…”

“…Bovine milk typically contains 70 % SFAs, 25 % MUFAs and 5 % PUFAs (Grummer, 1991;Shingfield et al, 2008). From the view of human health, attention has recently also been paid to so-called hypercholesterolemic FAs (HCFAs, C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0), which increase deposition of fat in the vascular walls and are related to atherosclerotic diseases (Jensen, 2002), and to odd-and branch-chain FAs (OCFAs and BCFAs, respectively), which are capable of inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and differentiation as well as inducing apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines (Adamska et al, 2014).…”

“…Many factors can affect the FA composition of bovine milk fat, including breed (Adamska et al, 2014;Samková et al, 2014), parity (Stádník et al, 2013) or stage of lactation (Kirchnerová et al, 2013), as well as animal factors and diet composition (reviewed by Kalač and Samková, 2010), season (Frelich et al, 2012;Adler et al, 2013), geographical location (Collomb et al, 2008), access to fresh grazing (Frelich et al, 2012;Shingfield et al, 2013), grazing sward type (reviewed by Roca Fernandez and Gonzalez Rodriguez, 2012), silage type (Kalač and Samková, 2010), feeding of cereal and oil seeds, and oil supplementation in feed (Angulo et al, 2012;Stergiadis et al, 2014;Siurana and Calsamiglia, 2016) as nutritional and management factors. The abovementioned studies showed the possibility of altering FA profile of milk fat.…”

Comparison of meat quality of the Polish Red-and-White and Simmental young bulls

“…Researchers in many countries have worked on modifying the health-promoting properties through nutrition, management or the use of prolonged fattening (Sargentini et al 2010 -Maremmana breed), or the physicochemical and organoleptic properties (Marino et al 2014 -Podolian breed). In recent years, novel research has been done on dairy performance and milk quality (Litwińczuk et al 2012, Adamska et al 2014, and fattening capacity and meat quality of conservation breeds, mainly the White-backed and Polish Red (Litwińczuk et al 2014a, Litwińczuk et al 2014b, Dymnicki et al 2014.…”