Milk is not just food but most likely a genetic transfection system activating mTORC1 signaling for postnatal growth

Melnik, Bodo C.; John, Swen Malte; Schmitz, Gerd

doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-103

Cited by 187 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…The constitution of miRNAs in milk varies among different species (Hata et al, 2010;Munch et al, 2013;Izumi et al, 2014), the lactation period (Chen et al, 2010), and maternal dietary manipulation (Hata et al, 2010). Moreover, some miRNAs that are abundant in milk have been evidenced for their important functional roles in various biological processes, including immune response (Kosaka et al, 2010;Sun et al, 2013), postnatal growth (Melnik et al, 2013), and lipid metabolism (Fernández-Hernando et al, 2011). Recently, miRNAs in milk have been studied as potential biomarkers for milk quality control (Chen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative studies of two methods for miRNA isolation from milk whey

Jin

Wei

Liu

et al. 2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) from milk whey have been considered for their potential as noninvasive biomarkers for milk quality control and disease diagnosis. However, standard protocols for miRNA isolation and quantification from milk whey are not well established. The objective of this study was to compare two methods for the isolation of miRNAs from milk whey. These two methods were modified phenol-based technique (Trizol LS ® followed by phenol precipitation, the TP method) and combined phenol and column-based approach (Trizol LS ® followed by cleanup using the miRNeasy kit, the TM method). Yield and quality of RNA were rigorously measured using a NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer and then the distribution of RNA was precisely detected in a Bioanalyzer 2100 instrument by microchip gel electrophoresis. Several endogenous miRNAs (bta-miR-141, bta-miR-146a, bta-miR-148a, bta-miR-200c, bta-miR-362, and bta-miR-375) and an exogenous spike-in synthetic control miRNA (cel-miR-39) were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine the apparent recovery efficiency of milk whey miRNAs. Both methods could successfully isolate sufficient small RNA (<200 nt) from milk whey, and their yields were quite similar. However, the quantification results show that the total miRNA recovery efficiency by the TM method is superior to that by the TP method. The TM method performed better than the TP for recovery of milk whey miRNA due to its consistency and good repeatability in endogenous and spike-in miRNA recovery. Additionally, quantitative recovery analysis of a spike-in miRNA may be more accurate to reflect the milk whey miRNA recovery efficiency than using traditional RNA quality analysis instruments (NanoDrop or Bioanalyzer 2100).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative studies of two methods for miRNA isolation from milk whey

Jin

Wei

Liu

et al. 2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…Взаимодействие аминокислот с mTOR осуществляется мембраносвязанными белками, обеспе-чивающими передачу сигнала. Они участвуют в одном из первых этапов передачи сигнала извне клетки и, как правило, регулируют пролиферацию клеток [18].…”

Section: метаболические последствия высокого потребления белка в младunclassified

“…Такие заболевания, как сахарный диабет 2-го типа, ожирение, артериальная гипертензия, рак (в особенности рак простаты), связаны с избыточной активацией сигнального комплекса mTOR. Потребление молока в большом количестве (соответственно, с боль-шим количеством белка) повышает активность mTOR, что приводит к увеличению риска развития «болезней цивилизации» и является важным механизмом их раз-вития [18,21].…”

Section: метаболические последствия высокого потребления белка в младunclassified

Proteins in Complementary Food: What Is the Healthiest Level?

Нетребенко¹,

Дубровская²

2015

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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wellness and illness," which directly indicates that excessive intake of proteins during infancy has long-term consequences and greatly contributes to obesity and chronic infectious diseases in adults; second, it is related to new technologies, which improve the protein component of infant formulas and bring them at par with breast milk in terms of quality and quantity. High protein consumption is related to bottle feeding, because starter and further infant formulas are richer in protein than breast milk. Protein-rich menus trigger production of insulinogenic amino acids, insulin and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). High IFT-combined with branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, isoleucine, threonine) ВВЕДЕНИЕПроблема адекватного потребления белка деть-ми грудного возраста вызывает многочисленные дис-куссии. Они связаны, во-первых, с развитием нового научного направления «Младенческие истоки здоровья и болезней человека», которое прямо указывает, что избыточное потребление белка в младенчестве имеет долговременные последствия и играет важную роль в развитии ожирения и хронических неинфекционных заболеваний во взрослом возрасте [1, 2], а, во-вторых,

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“…Moreover bovine milk exosomal miR-21 and miR-29b could be relevant in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus via the nutrient sensitive mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) 69,70 and other pathways such as the 71 miR-29b might activate mTORC1 by increasing the amount of intracellular branched-chain amino acids via inhibiting the enzyme responsible for their catabolism. 72 (Fig.…”

Section: Dietary Xeno-mirna In Inter-species Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential relevance of microRNAs in inter-species epigenetic communication, and implications for disease pathogenesis

et al. 2016

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MicroRNAs are short non-protein coding RNA molecules involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Recently, extracellular microRNAs have been described in body fluids that might enable epigenetic communication between distant tissues. Being highly conserved molecules, exogenous xenomicroRNAs from different species could affect gene expression in the host even in a cross-kingdom fashion. Several data underline the relevance of microRNA-mediated communication between virus and host, and there are some experimental data showing that plant-or animal-derived dietary microRNAs might have gene expression modulating activity in humans. Milk-derived microRNAs might be involved in the "epigenetic priming" of the baby. Exogenous microRNAs might be hypothesized to be implicated in disease pathogenesis, e.g. in tumors. Major questions remain to be addressed including the amount of xeno-microRNAs needed for biological action or routes for microRNA delivery. In this brief review, experimental data and hypotheses on the potential pathogenic inter-species relevance of microRNA are presented.Abbreviations: AGO2, Argonaute-2 protein; dsRNA, double stranded RNA; FoxO1, forkhead box class O1A; FOXP3, forkhead box P3; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LDLRAP1, low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1; miRNA, miR, microRNA; mTORC1, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; premiRNA, precursor microRNA; pri-miRNA, primary microRNA; RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex; RUNX2, runt related transcription factor 2; siRNA, small interfering RNA; TCF7, transcription factor 7; TLR, Toll-like receptor; Treg, regulatory T-cell; ZEB1, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1

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Milk is not just food but most likely a genetic transfection system activating mTORC1 signaling for postnatal growth

Cited by 187 publications

References 123 publications

Comparative studies of two methods for miRNA isolation from milk whey

Comparative studies of two methods for miRNA isolation from milk whey

Proteins in Complementary Food: What Is the Healthiest Level?

Potential relevance of microRNAs in inter-species epigenetic communication, and implications for disease pathogenesis

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