Milk/dairy products consumption, galactose metabolism and ovarian cancer: meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

Lq, Qin; Jy, Xu; Py, Wang; Hashi, Akihiko; Hoshi, Kazuhiko; Sato, Akio

doi:10.1097/00008469-200502000-00003

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In fact, the fixed effects and the random effects provide similar results across homogenous studies. The detailed calculation formulas have been described in our previous study ( 11 ). The results of meta-analysis may be biased if published studies are dependent on results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soyfood Intake in the Prevention of Breast Cancer Risk in Women: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Epidemiological Studies

Qin

Wang

et al. 2006

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Many studies have suggested that the intake of soy products may protect against the occurrence of breast cancer because of the considerable amount of isoflavones they contain. To review the results of the observational studies, we performed this metaanalysis of the relevant literature. We searched Medline for reports that examined the association between soyfood consumption (or isoflavone intake) and breast cancer risk from January 1966 to April 2006. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled relative risk (RR). Twenty-one independent studies (14 case-control studies and 7 cohort studies) were included in the final analysis. The pooled RR of breast cancer for soyfood intake was 0.75 with a 95% CI of 0.59-0.95. As the main types of soyfood in Japan and China, tofu and miso showed clear protective effects. Isoflavone intake resulted in a 20% decrease in risk (RR ϭ 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.99). The pooled RR varied little according to study stratification. When the studies published in Japanese and Chinese were added, the inverse associations between soyfood, tofu and breast cancer risk became slightly stronger. The weak association of miso was possibly due to the high concentration of salt in miso soup. In the present analysis, we did not find strong evidence for publication bias in the combination of the studies. This meta-analysis supported the hypotheses that soyfood intake may be associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer due to the isoflavones. Further epidemiological studies need to be conducted with more comprehensive information about the soyfood, and more accurate assessment of the isoflavones.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soyfood Intake in the Prevention of Breast Cancer Risk in Women: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Epidemiological Studies

Qin

Wang

et al. 2006

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…In 1990, Mettlin and Piver suggested that it was not the lactose content of milk but rather its fat content that was responsible for the association. High consumption of fat may influence ovarian cancer risk through increased oestrogen levels (Qin et al, 2005). Since this effect was absent for serous ovarian cancer, we hypothesise that dairy fat may present a risk for ovarian cancers other than serous, such as the endometrioid subtype, but their small number (n ¼ 24) did not allow for separate analysis.…”

Section: Dairy Consumption and Ovarian Cancer M Mommers Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results from case -control and prospective cohort studies regarding milk consumption and ovarian cancer risk have been inconsistent (Mettlin and Piver, 1990;Webb et al, 1998;Kushi et al, 1999;Cramer et al, 2000;Goodman et al, 2002;Fairfield et al, 2004;Larsson et al, 2004;Qin et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, for serous epithelial ovarian tumours, a positive association with lactose intake has been observed (Fairfield et al, 2004;Larsson et al, 2004). Most attention has been given to lactose even though other components of milk and milk products may be involved, such as dairy fat (Cramer et al, 1984;Qin et al, 2005), which may also be considered as a candidate risk factor because it is believed to exert an effect through hormone-related mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dairy consumption and ovarian cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer

Mommers

Schouten

Goldbohm³

et al. 2005

Br J Cancer

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Ovary cancer risk in relation to consumption of dairy products was investigated using a self-administered questionnaire on dietary habits and other risk factors for cancer, which was completed in 1986 by 62 573 postmenopausal women participating in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Follow-up for cancer was implemented by annual record linkage with the Netherlands Cancer Registry and a nationwide pathology registry. After 11.3 years of follow-up, data of 252 incident epithelial ovarian cancer cases and 2216 subcohort members were available for analysis. No association was seen between consumption of milk, yoghurt, cheese or fermented dairy products and ovarian cancer risk. The multivariable adjusted relative risk of epithelial ovarian cancer for women in the highest compared to the lowest quintile of intake of lactose or dairy fat was 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 0.60 -1.45; P trend ¼ 0.32) and 1.53 (95% CI ¼ 1.00 -2.36; P trend ¼ 0.11), respectively. Lactose or dairy fat intakes were not associated with serous ovarian cancer risk. Our results do not support an association between consumption of dairy products or lactose intake and ovarian cancer.

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“…However, the notion that dairy food consumption increases the risk of ovarian cancer has been highly controversial and, currently, the role of galactose has not been shown (72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77).…”

Section: Effect Of Milk and Dairy Foods On Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Lactose Digestion Status and Effects on Disease

Szilagyi

2015

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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BACKGROUND: Adult assimilation of lactose divides humans into dominant lactase-persistent and recessive nonpersistent phenotypes.OBJECTIVES: To review three medical parameters of lactose digestion, namely: the changing concept of lactose intolerance; the possible impact on diseases of microbial adaptation in lactase-nonpersistent populations; and the possibility that the evolution of lactase has influenced some disease pattern distributions.METHODS: A PubMed, Google Scholar and manual review of articles were used to provide a narrative review of the topic.RESULTS: The concept of lactose intolerance is changing and merging with food intolerances. Microbial adaptation to regular lactose consumption in lactase-nonpersistent individuals is supported by limited evidence. There is evidence suggestive of a relationship among geographical distributions of latitude, sunhine exposure and lactase proportional distributions worldwide.DISCUSSION: The definition of lactose intolerance has shifted away from association with lactose maldigestion. Lactose sensitivity is described equally in lactose digesters and maldigesters. The important medical consequence of withholding dairy foods could have a detrimental impact on several diseases; in addition, microbial adaptation in lactase-nonpersistent populations may alter risk for some diseases. There is suggestive evidence that the emergence of lactase persistence, together with human migrations before and after the emergence of lactase persistence, have impacted modern-day diseases.CONCLUSIONS: Lactose maldigestion and lactose intolerance are not synonymous. Withholding dairy foods is a poor method to treat lactose intolerance. Further epidemiological work could shed light on the possible effects of microbial adaptation in lactose maldigesters. The evolutionary impact of lactase may be still ongoing.

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Milk/dairy products consumption, galactose metabolism and ovarian cancer: meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

Cited by 43 publications

References 51 publications

Soyfood Intake in the Prevention of Breast Cancer Risk in Women: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Epidemiological Studies

Soyfood Intake in the Prevention of Breast Cancer Risk in Women: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Epidemiological Studies

Dairy consumption and ovarian cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer

Adult Lactose Digestion Status and Effects on Disease

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