Milk cortisol response to group relocation in lactating cows

Pošćić, Nataliya; Gabai, Gianfranco; Stefanon, Bruno; Dalt, Laura Da; Sgorlon, Sandy

doi:10.1017/s0022029916000790

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Findings from previous studies investigating associations between experienced stress and GC level or rhythmicity in various samples [ 22 ], including serum [ 14 , 23 ], saliva [ 13 , 16 , 24 ], (early morning, spot or 24 h) urine [ 15 ], hair [ 25 ] and milk [ 12 , 26 , 27 ], were contradictory. There are several explanations for these different findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

et al. 2021

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Background: Chronic stress is often accompanied by alterations in the diurnal rhythm of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal activity. However, there are limited data on the diurnal rhythmicity of breast milk glucocorticoids (GCs) among women with psychological distress. We compared mothers who sought consultation at an expertise center for pregnant women with an increased risk of psychological distress with control mothers for GC diurnal rhythmicity in milk and saliva obtained at the same time. Methods: We included 19 mothers who sought consultation at the psychiatry–obstetric–pediatric (POP) outpatient clinic and 44 control mothers. One month postpartum, mothers collected on average eight paired milk and saliva samples during a 24 h period. GC levels were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. GC rhythmicity parameters were determined with specialized software. Results: For both milk and saliva, no group differences regarding GC rhythms were found. Milk cortisol area under the curve with respect to the ground was lower in the POP group than in the control group (p = 0.02). GC levels in human milk and saliva were highly correlated within each group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although there were no differences between groups in GC rhythmicity, the total amount of milk cortisol was lower in the POP group. Long-term follow-up is needed to address the impact of vertical transmission of breast milk GCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

et al. 2021

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“…Milk cortisol represents the average plasma cortisol concentrations between two consecutive milkings. Social challenges such as group relocation can be detected within herds by measuring milk cortisol (Pošćić et al ., 2017), suggesting that milk cortisol measurement can detect short- and mid-term HPA axis activation. However, several factors (e.g.…”

Section: Stress Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypothesis of non-invasively monitoring HPA axis activation at the farm level has not been tested so far, although the development of technologies for measuring cortisol in milk may not be a limitation (Daems et al ., 2017). Milk cortisol concentrations can change as a result of several genetic and environmental factors (Sgorlon et al ., 2015; Pošćić et al ., 2017), which require more thorough analysis and mathematical modeling before this biomarker could be exploited in the field. Finally, it should be emphasized that the information available in this field for small ruminants is limited compared to cows.…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of fitness and welfare in dairy animals: healthy living

Almeida

Zachut

Hernández-Castellano

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Research

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Increased animal productivity has reduced animal fitness, resulting in increased susceptibility to infectious and metabolic diseases, locomotion problems and subfertility. Future animal breeding strategies should focus on balancing high production levels with health status monitoring and improved welfare. Additionally, understanding how animals interact with their internal and external environment is essential for improving health, fitness, and welfare. In this context, the continuous validation of existing biomarkers and the discovery and field implementation of new biomarkers will enable us to understand the specific physiological process and regulatory mechanisms used by the organism to adapt to different environmental conditions. Thus, biomarkers may be used to monitor welfare and improve management and breeding strategies. In this article, we describe major achievements in the establishment of biomarkers in dairy cows and small ruminants. This review mainly focuses on the physiological biomarkers used to monitor animal responses to, and recovery from, environmental perturbations. We highlight future avenues for research in this field and present a timely positioning document to the scientific community.

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“…One hundred ml of milk was collected from each cow at morning milking and an aliquot of 50 mL was transferred into a tube containing preservative and used for protein, fat, lactose analyses and for somatic cell count (SCC) determinations with FT-NIR (FOSS instrument, Hillerød, Denmark). The other aliquot of milk was transferred to a tube without preservative, frozen within 2 hand stored at −20 °C for cortisol analyses [ 23 ]. Milk cortisol was analyzed in skimmed milk, after centrifugation (1500 g, 4 °C, 15 min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles in Cows Subjected to Different Stress Level as Assessed by Cortisol in Milk

Corvo

Bongiorni

Stefanon

et al. 2020

Genes

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Dairy cattle health, wellbeing and productivity are deeply affected by stress. Its influence on metabolism and immune response is well known, but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms require further investigation. In this study, we compared DNA methylation and gene expression signatures between two dairy cattle populations falling in the high- and low-variant tails of the distribution of milk cortisol concentration (MC), a neuroendocrine marker of stress in dairy cows. Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing was used to obtain a methylation map from blood samples of these animals. The high and low groups exhibited similar amounts of methylated CpGs, while we found differences among non-CpG sites. Significant methylation changes were detected in 248 genes. We also identified significant fold differences in the expression of 324 genes. KEGG and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that genes of both groups act together in several pathways, such as nervous system activity, immune regulatory functions and glucocorticoid metabolism. These preliminary results suggest that, in livestock, cortisol secretion could act as a trigger for epigenetic regulation and that peripheral changes in methylation can provide an insight into central nervous system functions.

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Milk cortisol response to group relocation in lactating cows

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

Biomarkers of fitness and welfare in dairy animals: healthy living

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles in Cows Subjected to Different Stress Level as Assessed by Cortisol in Milk

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