Milk Consumption Following Exercise Reduces Subsequent Energy Intake in Female Recreational Exercisers

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of skimmed milk as a recovery drink following moderate–vigorous cycling exercise on subsequent appetite and energy intake in healthy, female recreational exercisers. Utilising a randomised cross-over design, nine female recreational exercisers (19.7 ± 1.3 years) completed a V˙O2peak test followed by two main exercise trials. The main trials were conducted following a standardised breakfast. Following 30 min of moderate-vigorous exercise (65% V˙O2peak), either 600 mL of skimmed milk or 600 mL of orange drink (475 mL orange juice from concentrate, 125 mL water), which were isoenergetic (0.88 MJ), were ingested, followed 60 min later with an ad libitum pasta meal. Absolute energy intake was reduced 25.2% ± 16.6% after consuming milk compared to the orange drink (2.39 ± 0.70 vs. 3.20 ± 0.84 MJ, respectively; p = 0.001). Relative energy intake (in relation to the energy content of the recovery drinks and energy expenditure) was significantly lower after milk consumption compared to the orange drink (1.49 ± 0.72 vs. 2.33 ± 0.90 MJ, respectively; p = 0.005). There were no differences in AUC (× 1 h) subjective appetite parameters (hunger, fullness and desire to eat) between trials. The consumption of skimmed milk following 30 min of moderate-vigorous cycling exercise reduces subsequent energy intake in female recreational exercisers.

Fluid, energy and nutrient recovery via ad libitum intake of different fluids and food

“…In this setting, the prescription of ~500mL of milk or other protein containing beverages does not appear to substantially influence post-exercise energy consumption (5,7,26). However, the results of the current study suggest that when presented with the option to self-regulate beverage …”

“…While the effects of consuming different beverages (e.g. protein containing sports drinks or milk) following exercise on subsequent dietary intake have been investigated (5,7,26), these studies all prescribed the volume of fluid.…”

The Effect of a Dairy-Based Recovery Beverage on Post-Exercise Appetite and Energy Intake in Active Females

“…This is surprising given that both exercise and dairy-based foods/beverages may exert influence on appetite and eating behavior. The authors have previously demonstrated that post-exercise skimmed milk consumption reduces energy intake in recreationally-active females relative to an energy and volume matched serving of fruit-juice [ 28 ]. While our preliminary findings provide promise, in this study we observed no effect on measures of subjective appetite.…”

Bioactive properties of milk proteins in humans: A review

“…Reduction of caloric intake (-25.2%) has been shown post-exercise (30 min cycling) in females following the consumption of skim milk (600 mL) vs. orange juice drink [115]. Similarly, anthropometric modifications (increased lean mass and decreased fat mass) were reported while combining exercise and fat free milk consumption in male (500 mL for 12 weeks [49] and female (1000mL for 12 weeks) [58]subjects.…”

“…In contrast, no effect on food intake was observed with differences of up to 38.8% (g/kg/day) between the test and control groups [14]. Milk proteins, which have been described for their satiating properties, may have potential for use as natural dietary components to reduce food intake in humans [2,36,77,115,128]. Numerous human intervention studies have focused on the satiating properties of milk proteins and their effect on the reduction of food intake [for reviews: see 13,77].…”