Milk composition of a free-ranging white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) during late lactation

Osthoff, Gernot; Hugo, A.; Wit, M. de

doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2007.06.005

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The higher pH value that we found in our study is similar to findings for perissodactyls reported by Zainuddin et al (1990) and Osthoff et al (2008) that were due to low casein content.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The MUFA content in our study was similar to data reported in the literature for tapirs (Toyoda et al 1970) and donkeys, but was lower than those reported for milk from horses (Salimei et al 2004;Salimei and Fantuz 2012) and rhinoceroses (Osthoff et al 2008). However, total PUFA content was 2 times higher in colostrum and 1.4 times higher in mature milk compared with the data reported by Toyoda et al (1970).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The fatty acid profile of tapir milk was less diverse in components than that of ruminant milk but was similar to milk from other nonruminant mammals (Table 2); the fatty acid profile of tapir milk from C6 to C18:3 was similar to that of milk from horses, donkeys, and rhinoceroses (Salimei and Fantuz 2012;Pietrzaćk-Fiecko et al 2013;Osthoff et al 2005Osthoff et al , 2008. Although Malacarne et al (2002), Salimei et al (2004), and Salimei and Fantuz (2012) detected butyric acid (C4:0) in equid milk and Toyoda et al (1970) detected low levels (0.3%) of C4:0 in tapir milk, we did not detect this fatty acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Characterization of gross composition, energy value, and fatty acid profile of milk from lowland tapir (Tapirusterrestris) during different lactation periods

et al. 2014

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We evaluated gross composition, energy value, and fatty acid profile of colostrum, transitional, and mature milk of lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris (L., 1758)) from Argentina. Samples were obtained from six healthy animals kept in captive or semicaptive conditions. Protein content varied over time from 6 to 19 g/100 g of milk; carbohydrates varied from 2.4 to 5.4 g/100 g of milk; fat varied from 2.4 to 17.3 g/100 g of milk. Energy value also varied over time, with colostrum having the highest value. Fatty acid profile revealed a unique pattern in tapir milk, characterized by the presence of higher amounts of lauric, myristic, and pentadecanoic acids than in milk from other equids. Traces of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were measured, being the only trans fatty acid detected in tapir milk. Neither butyric acid (C4:0) nor fatty acids longer than C18 were found in tapir milk. The characteristics of tapir milk include high concentration of fat, caseins, and whey proteins. Gross composition and saturated fatty acid to unsaturated fatty acid (SFA/UFA) ratio of tapir milk were more similar to that of horse milk than rhinoceros milk. The present study sheds light on tapir fatty acid metabolism and on nutritional requirements of their newborns, which can be used to improve conservation and management strategies. Furthermore, different periods of lactation were evaluated in this species for the first time, thus contributing to the general knowledge of milk from other members of the order Perissodactyla.Résumé : Nous avons évalué la composition brute, la valeur énergétique et le profil des acides gras du colostrum, du lait de transition et du lait mature de tapirs terrestres (Tapirus terrestris (L., 1758)) d'Argentine. Des échantillons ont été obtenus de six animaux en santé gardés dans des conditions de captivité ou de semi-captivité. La concentration de protéines variait dans le temps de 6 à 19 g/100 g de lait, celle de glucides, de 2,4 à 5,4 g/100 g de lait, et celle de lipides, de 2,4 à 17,3 g/100 g de lait. La valeur énergétique variait également dans le temps, le colostrum présentant la valeur la plus élevée. Le profil des acides gras du lait de tapir présentait une distribution singulière caractérisée par des quantités plus importantes des acides laurique, myristique et pentadécanoïque que celles du lait d'autres équidés. Des traces d'acide linoléique conjugué (ALC) ont été mesurées, ce dernier étant le seul acide gras trans détecté dans le lait de tapir. L'acide butyrique (C4:0) et des acides gras plus longs que C18 n'ont pas été détectés. Les caractéristiques du lait de tapir comprennent de fortes concentrations de lipides, de caséines et de protéines de lactosérum. La composition brute et le rapport des acides gras saturés et des acides gras non saturés (AGS/AGN) du lait de tapir ressemblaient plus à ceux du lait de jument qu'à ceux du lait de rhinocéros. L'étude jette un nouvel éclairage sur le métabolisme des acides gras chez les tapirs et sur les besoins nutritifs de leurs nouveau-nés qui peut server à amél...

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“…The higher pH value that we found in our study is similar to findings for perissodactyls reported by Zainuddin et al (1990) and Osthoff et al (2008) that were due to low casein content.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Characterization of gross composition, energy value, and fatty acid profile of milk from lowland tapir (Tapirusterrestris) during different lactation periods

et al. 2014

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“…In general, only ruminant milks contain above 10% of 14:0, which is an indication of the chain length specificity of ruminant thioesterases, but contents above 16% have been found in blackbuck antelope ( Antilope cervicapra ) (Dill et al, 1972), gazelle ( Gazella granti ) (Glass & Jenness, 1971), and members of the Alcelaphinae (Osthoff et al, 2009, 2017). In the Proboscidae (Kobeni et al, 2020, Osthoff et al, 2008) this termination seems to be at 12 carbons or shorter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Regarding the Rhinocerotidae, four studies led to an accumulation of data on the milk of the Indian rhinoceros ( Rhinoceros unicornis ) (Klös et al, 1972; Klös et al, 1974;; Nath et al, 1993) and its changes over lactation (Gimmel et al, 2018). Only the proximate and mineral composition, and limited changes over lactation time, were reported for the milk of the black rhinoceros ( Diceros bicornis ) (Gregory et al, 1964), and the proximate composition (Mathews, 1973; Wallach, 1969) as well as minerals, proteins and fat for the white rhinoceros ( Ceratotherium simum ) (Osthoff et al, 2008). The milks of all the rhinoceros species were characterized by a low total solids content of 8.1‐16.8%, consisting of 0.2%–1.9% fat, 0.2%–1.2% protein and 5.5%–8.4% lactose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk composition of white rhinoceros over lactation and comparison with other Perissodactyla

et al. 2021

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The proximate composition of milk from fifteen free‐ranging white rhinoceroses at different lactation stages is reported with detailed analysis of fatty acid composition and minerals. Lactose is the main component at 7.93 ± 0.53%, followed by 0.93 ± 0.19% protein, 1.76 ± 0.39% fat, 0.40 ± 0.18% ash, 0.05 ± 0.01% glucose, and 0.04 ± 0.02% non protein nitrogen The interindividual variation of all the components is high, showing no trend of change over lactation. The K and P content decreased over lactation. The fatty acid composition of rhinoceros milk is characteristic with a high saturated fatty acids content of 62%–84%, of which the medium chain fatty acids form the major portion. The C10:0, C12:0, C16:0, and C18:1c9 are the major fatty acids in the milk fat. The results are compared with the two other Perissodactylae families, the Equidae and Tapiridae. Differences in gross composition are small, but the milk of the Rhinocerotidae have the lowest gross energy, while the milk fats consist of the highest amounts of saturated fatty acids, while the low levels of C16:1c9 and C18:1c9 indicate the lowest mammary Δ9‐desaturase activity.

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Milk: Milks of Non-dairy Mammals

Osthoff¹

2016

Reference Module in Food Science

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Milk composition of a free-ranging white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) during late lactation

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization of gross composition, energy value, and fatty acid profile of milk from lowland tapir (Tapirusterrestris) during different lactation periods

Characterization of gross composition, energy value, and fatty acid profile of milk from lowland tapir (Tapirusterrestris) during different lactation periods

Milk composition of white rhinoceros over lactation and comparison with other Perissodactyla

Milk: Milks of Non-dairy Mammals

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