Military applications of hyperspectral imagery

Abstract

Optical imaging, including infrared imaging, generally has many important applications, both civilian and military. In recent years, technological advances have made multi- and hyperspectral imaging a viable technology in many demanding military application areas. The aim of the CEPA JP 8.10 program has been to evaluate the potential benefit of spectral imaging techniques in tactical military applications. This unclassified executive summary describes the activities in the program and outlines some of the results. More specific results are given in classified reports and presentations. The JP 8.10 program started in March 2002 and ended in February 2005. The participating nations were France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and United-Kingdom, each with a contribution of 2 man-years per year. Essential objectives of the program were to: 1) analyze the available spectral information in the optronic landscape from visible to infrared; 2) analyze the operational utility of multi- and hyperspectral imaging for detection, recognition and identification of targets, including low-signature targets; 3) identify applications where spectral imaging can provide a strong gain in performance; 4) propose technical recommendations of future spectral imaging systems and critical components. Finally, a stated objective of the JP 8.10 program is to "ensure the proper link with the image processing community". The presentation is organized as follows. In a first step, the two trials (Pirrene and Kvarn) are presented including a summary of the acquired optical properties of the different landscape materials and of the spectral images. Then, a phenomenology study is conducted analyzing the spectral behavior of the optical properties, understanding the signal at the sensor and, by processing spectroradiometric measurements evaluating the potential to discriminate spectral signatures. Cameo-Sim simulation software is presented including first validation results and the generation of spectral synthetic images. Results obtained on measured and synthetic images are shown and discussed with reference to two main classes of image processing tasks: anomaly detection and signature based target detection. Furthermore, preliminary works on band selection are also presented which aim to optimize the spectral configuration of an image sensor. Finally, the main conclusions of the WEAG program CEPA JP8.10 are give

Hyperspectral Unmixing Based on Mixtures of Dirichlet Components

“…This technique has been used for planetary exploitation [3], [4] and also for a wide range of applications in the fields of environmental monitoring, agriculture, forestry, geology [5], [6], food safety [7], [8], counterfeit drug detection [9], urban geography [10], detection, classification, and surveillance of military target activities [11], [12].…”

Environmental Test Results of a Flight Model of a Compact Imaging Spectrometer for a Microsatellite STSAT-3

“…군 사적 목적의 탐지나 농업 분야에서 작물의 상태나 종류를 구 분하며 수질 오염 검사나 대기 상태를 일반적인 영상에서 얻 지 못하는 정보를 분광 영상을 통해 얻을 수 있게 된다 [5,6] . 이렇듯 분광 영상은 그 활용성이 인정되어 영상분광기 기술의 수요가 증가하고 있다.…”

Multiple Classifiers and Graph Cut Methods for Spectral Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Image

“…The exploitation of hyperspectral image is of interest in recent years for many remote sensing applications such as precision agriculture, environmental monitoring, mineral exploration, land cover management, defence and security etc (Briottet et al, 2006, Cetin et al, 2005, Cloutis, 1996. The processing of hyperspectral image often comes with challenges due to its very high dimensionality and redundant information.…”