Military and Leisure-Time Noise Exposure and Hearing Thresholds of Finnish Conscripts

Jokitulppo, Jaana; Toivonen, Markku; Pääkkönen, Rauno; Savolainen, Seppo; Björk, Erkki; Lehtomäki, Kyösti

doi:10.7205/milmed.173.9.906

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is in accordance with the findings by Jokitulppo et al [19,20] The slightly lower prevalence values in our study, compared to the Finnish one, could be due to the strict hearing inclusion criterion that has been used in Sweden since some years. The increase in prevalence values of HI during the military service seems to be the same in Finland and Sweden, 8-9%.…”

Section: Auditory Symptoms and Hearing Impairmentsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…[10] The prevalence values of most auditory symptoms asked for increased from reporting to military service to discharge. Jokitulppo et al, [19] reported the opposite situation with decreasing prevalence values of tinnitus and sensitivity to noise. In our material the participation rate was high both at reporting to service and at discharge.…”

Section: Auditory Symptoms and Hearing Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This group, most commonly exposed to impulse noise without HPDs, had a four to six times elevated relative risk of deteriorated tinnitus, noise sensitivity and STS, compared to the contrast group [ Table 4]. Jokitulppo [19] reported that exposure to military explosions correlated to tinnitus. Mrena et al, [21] studied effects of the enforcement of stricter safety regulations in the Finnish Defense Forces.…”

Section: The Hearing Conservation Programmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…HPDs were mandatory in all noisy situations. In a recent Finnish study [19] it was estimated that during military service 89% of the conscripts were exposed over the L pAeq,8 85 dB risk limit. The exposures from leisure time noise in our study group decreased considerably during the training period to about half as frequent compared to before.…”

Section: Exposure To Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of military service on auditory health and the efficacy of a hearing conservation program

Muhr

Rosenhall

2011

Noise Health

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The influence of military service on self-assessed hearing symptoms and measured auditory function was studied as well as the efficacy of the Hearing Conservation Program (HCP) of the Swedish Armed Forces. 839 conscripts were recruited for the study at reporting to military service. They were all exposed to noise over the risk-limits from weapons and vehicles and used earmuffs and/or earplugs. Questionnaires and pure tone screening audiometry were studied at the start and the end of the military service. Retrospective information regarding audiometry at conscription before military service was included as control. The prevalence values of tinnitus were 23% before and 32% after the service and of sensitivity to noise 16% and 19% respectively. The prevalence values of hearing impairment were 6.3% at conscription, 14.5% at reporting to military service, and 24% after the training period. The incidence values of hearing decline were 3.7% during the period with no military noise exposure and 6.6% during the military service. Acoustic accident increased the risk of worsened tinnitus and sensitivity to noise four times and for a high frequency hearing decline six times. We observed elevated prevalence values of tinnitus, sensitivity to noise and hearing impairment at discharge compared to before military service. We observed an elevated risk of hearing decline during military service. Acoustic accident increased the risk of tinnitus, noise sensitivity and hearing decline. We suggest improvements regarding inclusion criteria for military service, and for education regarding the HCP.

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Section: Auditory Symptoms and Hearing Impairmentsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Auditory Symptoms and Hearing Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: The Hearing Conservation Programmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Exposure To Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The influence of military service on auditory health and the efficacy of a hearing conservation program

Muhr

Rosenhall

2011

Noise Health

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“…In our study more than 60% experienced post-exposure tinnitus. Jokitulppo (35) stated that exposure to IN has a correlation to tinnitus. The occurrence of noise related auditory changes depends on exposure type (e.g., sound level, duration, type of noise, and frequency), as well as personal factors (e.g., susceptibility to noise, age, smoking, prior history of hearing/ear damage) (36,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Impulse Noise Level and Acoustic Trauma in Military Personnel

Rezaee¹,

Mojtahed²,

Ghasemi³

et al. 2012

Trauma Mon

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Hidden cochlear impairments

Chen

2018

Journal of Otology

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Pure tone audiometry is a routine clinical examination used to identify hearing loss. A normal pure tone audiogram is usually taken as evidence of normal hearing. Auditory deficits detected in subjects with normal audiograms, such as poor sound discrimination and auditory perceptual disorders, are generally attributed to central problems. Does the pure tone audiogram truly reflect cochlear status? Recent evidence suggests that individuals with normal audiogram may still have reduced peripheral auditory responses but normal central responses, indicating that the pure tone audiometry may not detect some types of cochlear injuries. In the cochlea, the outer hair cells (OHCs), inner hair cells (IHCs), and the spiral ganglion neurons that synapse with IHCs are the 3 key cochlear components in transducing acoustical vibrations into the neural signals. This report reviews three types of cochlear damage identified in laboratory animals that may not lead to overt hearing loss. The first type of cochlear impairment, such as missing a certain proportion of IHCs without damage to OHCs, may reduce the cochlear output and elevate response threshold; however, the reduced peripheral auditory sensitivity may be restored along the auditory pathway via central gain enhancement. The second type of cochlear impairment, such as selective damage to the synapses of the high-threshold thin auditory nerve fibers (ANFs), reduces cochlear output at high stimulation levels with no effect on response threshold. In this case the reduced cochlear output may be compensated along the auditory pathway as well. The third type of cochlear impairment, such as missing a certain number of OHCs without damage to others, may not even affect cochlear function at all. These “hidden” cochlear impairments do not result in overt hearing loss, but they may increase the vulnerability of the cochlea to traumatic exposure and lead to disrupted central auditory processing.

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Military and Leisure-Time Noise Exposure and Hearing Thresholds of Finnish Conscripts

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

The influence of military service on auditory health and the efficacy of a hearing conservation program

The influence of military service on auditory health and the efficacy of a hearing conservation program

Assessment of Impulse Noise Level and Acoustic Trauma in Military Personnel

Hidden cochlear impairments

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