Mild to moderate overweight in dogs: is there an impact on routine hematological and biochemical profiles, echocardiographic parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation?

Vieira, Aline Bomfim; Restrepo, Mariana Alvarez; Auzenne, Danielle; Molina, Kevin; O’Sullivan, M. Lynne; Machado, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro; Cavanaugh, Sarah M

doi:10.1007/s11259-021-09880-6

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…We also hypothesised that weight reduction would result in increased vagal tone and, as a result, decreased heart rate and increased HRV; however, in contrast to our hypothesis, no changes in heart rate or HRV with weight reduction were seen. These results differ from studies in people [ 4 ] and from two previous canine studies where decreased HRV was seen in male dogs with obesity [ 16 ] and in mild to moderately overweight dogs [ 17 ]. A possible explanation for these differences is breed variation, since breed is known to affect HRV [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…There are few studies on HRV in dogs with obesity. Pongkan et al [ 16 ] reported reduced HRV in a small cohort of male dogs with obesity, similar to the findings of Vieira et al [ 17 ], who also reported reduced HRV in a small cohort of mild to moderately overweight dogs. However, to the authors’ knowledge, changes in HRV in dogs following weight reduction have not previously been assessed.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…A power calculation to determine the required study population size was not performed, the number of dogs recruited was instead pragmatic, based on the number of cases likely to be recruited over the study time frame. However, our population size mirrored those in similar studies [5,6,10,16,17]. Due to the possibility of the study being underpowered to detect significant changes, the P value was not adjusted for multiple comparisons, which may itself be a further limitation of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…We used the time domain indicator, VVTI, which gives information about high frequency variation in heart rate, largely reflecting parasympathetic tone; however, circadian rhythm, blood pressure regulation, thermoregulation and RAAS activity may also affect the VVTI. Other studies, including that of Pongkan et al [ 16 ] and Vieira et al [ 17 ], have used a combination of both time and frequency domain analysis of HRV; the later study reporting a reduced HRV in overweight dogs only when using the high frequency index of HRV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of obesity and subsequent weight reduction on cardiac structure and function in dogs

et al. 2022

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Background In people, the cardiovascular effects of obesity include systemic hypertension, cardiac remodelling and both systolic and diastolic dysfunction, whilst weight reduction can reverse myocardial remodelling and reduce risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease. To date, variable results are reported in studies of the effect of obesity and controlled weight reduction on cardiovascular morphology and function in dogs. This prospective study aimed to assess cardiac function, heart rate variability, cardiac biomarkers and body composition before and after weight reduction in pet dogs with obesity. Twenty-four client-owned dogs referred for weight management due to obesity were recruited. To assess the cardiac effects of obesity, body composition analysis (by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, DEXA) and cardiovascular assessment (echocardiography, Doppler blood pressure, electrocardiography, cardiac biomarkers) were performed prior to weight management. Twelve dogs completed the study and reached target weight, receiving a further cardiovascular assessment and DEXA. A Wilcoxon-signed rank test was used to compare each variable pre- and post- weight reduction. Results Median (interquartile range) duration of weight loss was 224 days (124–245 days), percentage weight loss was 23% (18–31%) of starting weight. Median change in body fat mass was -50% (-44% to -55%; P = 0.004), whilst median change in lean mass was -7% (+ 1% to -18%, P = 0.083). Before weight reduction, diastolic dysfunction (evidence of impaired relaxation in all dogs), increased left ventricular wall thickness and mildly elevated systolic blood pressure (14/24 ≥ 160 mmHg, median 165 mmHg (140–183)) were common features in dogs with obesity. However, systolic left ventricular wall dimensions were the only variables that changed after weight reduction, with a decrease in both the systolic interventricular septum (P = 0.029) and systolic left ventricular free wall (P = 0.017). There was no evidence of decreased heart rate variability in dogs with obesity (P = 0.367), and no change in cardiac biomarker concentrations with weight reduction (N-terminal proBNP, P = 0.262; cardiac troponin I P = 0.657). Conclusions Canine obesity results in diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy, the latter of which improves with significant weight and fat mass reduction. Further studies are required to clarify the clinical consequences of these findings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of obesity and subsequent weight reduction on cardiac structure and function in dogs

et al. 2022

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“…Hematological and biochemical parameters are not only the main basis for the diagnosis of various blood diseases, but also provide important information for the diagnosis and identification of other diseases, which can reflect the health status of the body [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Hematological and Biochemical Profiles in Brahman and Yunling Cattle

Yang

Tang

et al. 2022

Animals

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Brahman cattle are tolerant to parasite challenges and heat stress. Yunling cattle are three-way hybrids that are half Brahman cattle, a fourth Murray Grey cattle and a fourth Yunnan Yellow cattle, with good beef performance. The hematological and biochemical parameters can reflect the physiology and metabolic conditions of cattle, and there are valuable indicators of production performance and adaptability that can be found by studying the cattle. To assess the health status and differences, we compared 55 hematological and biochemical parameters of 28 Brahman cattle and 65 Yunling cattle using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Our results showed that 27 hematological and biochemical indices of Brahman cattle were lower than those of Yunling cattle, whereas the other parameters were higher. There are 20 indices with significant differences that were detected between Brahman and Yunling cattle (with p ≤ 0.01 or 0.01 ≤ p ≤ 0.05, respectively), and no significant differences were found for other indices (p > 0.05). Based on these results, Yunling cattle may have a better physical condition than Brahman cattle, may be better at adapting to local environments, and can maintain a good production and reproduction performance. As a new breed that is half Brahman, the abilities of Yunling cattle, including adaptability, stress resistance and tolerance to crude feed, were better than Brahman cattle under the same management conditions.

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>b<Efeito do manejo alimentar com dieta seca ou mix-feeding sob parâmetros bioquímicos, metabólicos e inflamatórios de cães obesos submetidos a perda de peso>/b<

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AGRADECIMENTOSÁ Deus, primeiramente, por me conceder mais uma oportunidade de crescimento profissional e pessoal.Aos meus pais, que sempre me incentivaram a estudar e me apoiaram para que tudo isso fosse possível.Ao meu noivo Julio César, por todo apoio, carinho e compreensão nesses anos de mestrado.Ao meu filho de quatro patas Tinki Wink, ser de luz que sempre me lembra o porquê estou nesse caminho.À minha orientadora Profª. Drª. Márcia de Oliveira Sampaio Gomes, que me direcionou, incentivou e também me acalmou nos momentos de angústia durante todo o projeto.À minha parceira de execução de projeto, Verônica Vanzo, que me ajudou do início ao fim, sem ela não seria possível a realização desse estudo.Ao meu coorientador Ricardo Vasconcellos, por ter me colocado nesse caminho e sempre ter se mostrado disposto a ajudar.Aos colegas de pós-graduação e à equipe do laboratório, em especial a Clara que sempre foi tão solícita e disposta a esclarecer as dúvidas.À empresa de alimentos para cães e gatos, Adimax, pelo apoio financeiro do projeto Ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Veterinária, PCVet, por me receber tão bem desde o início.Aos tutores dos cães, que gentilmente concordaram em incluir seus animais no estudo, seguindo sempre nossas recomendações.Aos cães ex-gordinhos que participaram do estudo,

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Mild to moderate overweight in dogs: is there an impact on routine hematological and biochemical profiles, echocardiographic parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation?

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

The effect of obesity and subsequent weight reduction on cardiac structure and function in dogs

The effect of obesity and subsequent weight reduction on cardiac structure and function in dogs

Comparisons of Hematological and Biochemical Profiles in Brahman and Yunling Cattle

>b<Efeito do manejo alimentar com dieta seca ou mix-feeding sob parâmetros bioquímicos, metabólicos e inflamatórios de cães obesos submetidos a perda de peso>/b<

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