Mild SARS-CoV-2 infection results in long-lasting microbiota instability

Upadhyay, Vaibhav; Suryawanshi, Rahul K.; Tasoff, Preston; McCavitt-Malvido, Maria; Kumar, G. Renuka; Murray, Victoria; Noecker, Cecilia; Bisanz, Jordan E.; Hswen, Yulin; Ha, Connie; Sreekumar, Bharat; Chen, Irene P.; Lynch, Susan V.; Ott, Mélanie; Lee, Sulggi

doi:10.1101/2022.12.07.519508

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In this study, we investigated how SARS-CoV-2 impacts the gut microbiome of women (both WLHIV and HIV-negative) and their infants. We found that SARS-CoV-2 altered the microbiome; however, the changes we observed were less pronounced than described in several previous studies that found SARS-CoV-2 alters the gut microbiome signi cantly after infection 5,7,13,14,16,17,19,20,[50][51][52][53][54] . This result could be due, in part, to the clinically mild SARS-CoV-2 cases in our study 23 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…In addition, children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) have been reportedto have an altered gut microbiome compared to HIV-unexposed and uninfected (HUU) children 11,12 . SARS-CoV-2 infection has also been observed to alter the gut microbiome for both adults and infants and can cause long lasting microbiota disruption 7,[13][14][15][16] . Some studies have found speci c gut species to be associated with severity of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms, ranging from mild/asymptomatic to severe.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants

Maqsood,

Holland,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Microbiome perturbations can have long-term effects on health. The dynamics of the gut microbiome and virome in women living with HIV (WLHIV) and their newborn infants is poorly understood. Here, we performed metagenomic sequencing analyses on longitudinal stool samples including 23 mothers (13 WLHIV, 10 HIV-negative) and 12 infants that experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection with mild disease, as well as 40 mothers (18 WLHIV, 22 HIV-negative) and 60 infants that remained SARS-CoV-2 seronegative throughout the study follow-up. Regardless of HIV or SARS-CoV-2 status, maternal bacterial and viral profiles were distinct from infants. Using linear mixed effects models, we showed that while the microbiome alpha diversity trajectory was not significantly different between SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and seronegative women. However, seropositive women’s positive trajectory while uninfected was abruptly reversed after SARS-CoV-2 infection (p = 0.015). However, gut virome signatures of women were not associated with SARS-CoV-2. Alterations in infant microbiome and virome diversities were generally not impacted by SARS-CoV-2 but were rather driven by development. We did not find statistically significant interactions between HIV and SARS-CoV-2 on the gut microbiome and virome. Overall, our study provides insights into the complex interplay between maternal and infant bacterial microbiome, virome, and the influence of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV status.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants

Maqsood,

Holland,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Intestinal barrier impairment, dysbiosis of gut microbiota, and perturbation of metabolites are prevalent occurrences among individuals with COVID‐19. Extensive research has consistently shown the association between microbiota composition and the morbidity, exacerbation, and mortality rates seen in COVID‐19 patients 51–55 . The gut microbiota facilitates the assessment of sickness severity in individuals with COVID‐19 56 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…patients. [51][52][53][54][55] The gut microbiota facilitates the assessment of sickness severity in individuals with COVID-19. 56 From a mechanical standpoint, it is observed that COVID-19 disrupts the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites.…”

Section: Potential Confounding Factors and Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating COVID‐19 as the immediate culprit for igniting pancreatitis

Ge,

Luo,

Liu

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the potential development of pancreatitis is a subject of ongoing debate within academic discourse. Establishing a causal link between COVID‐19 and pancreatitis may not be fully supported by relying only on retrospective studies or case reports. This study examined the relationship between COVID‐19 phenotypes and pancreatitis by Mendelian randomization (MR) method. The identification of instrumental variables (single nucleotide polymorphisms) that exhibit a robust association with the COVID‐19 phenotypes was accomplished through a meticulous process of rigorous screening procedures. We included acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis (CP) as the outcomes in the MR analysis, even though no definitive studies exist between COVID‐19 and CP. A direct causal relationship between genetically predicted COVID‐19 phenotypes and pancreatitis risk cannot be established. There is an ongoing debate over the designation of COVID‐19 as a definitive cause of pancreatitis.

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“…An in-depth assessment demonstrated an evident correlation between viral infection signatures and the enrichment of gut pathogens, including Collinsella aerofaciens, Collinsella tanakaei, Streptococcus infantis , and Morganella morganii , even in the absence of gastrointestinal manifestations ( 47 ). Although the Omicron variant is known to cause relatively mild symptoms with marginal invasiveness in humans and gut models, all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns remarkably disrupted the mouse gut microbiota ( 103 ). Surprisingly, the Omicron variant infection led to long-lasting instability in the gut microbiota and a notable depletion in Akkermansia muciniphila , even in the absence of severe lung pathology.…”

Section: Involvement Of Gut Microbial Community In Sars-cov-2 Pathoge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut distress and intervention via communications of SARS-CoV-2 with mucosal exposome

Moon

2023

Front. Public Health

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Acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with prevalent gastrointestinal distress, characterized by fecal shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA or persistent antigen presence in the gut. Using a meta-analysis, the present review addressed gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Despite limited data on the gut–lung axis, viral transmission to the gut and its influence on gut mucosa and microbial community were found to be associated by means of various biochemical mechanisms. Notably, the prolonged presence of viral antigens and disrupted mucosal immunity may increase gut microbial and inflammatory risks, leading to acute pathological outcomes or post-acute COVID-19 symptoms. Patients with COVID-19 exhibit lower bacterial diversity and a higher relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens in their gut microbiota than healthy controls. Considering the dysbiotic changes during infection, remodeling or supplementation with beneficial microbial communities may counteract adverse outcomes in the gut and other organs in patients with COVID-19. Moreover, nutritional status, such as vitamin D deficiency, has been associated with disease severity in patients with COVID-19 via the regulation of the gut microbial community and host immunity. The nutritional and microbiological interventions improve the gut exposome including the host immunity, gut microbiota, and nutritional status, contributing to defense against acute or post-acute COVID-19 in the gut–lung axis.

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Mild SARS-CoV-2 infection results in long-lasting microbiota instability

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants

Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants

Eliminating COVID‐19 as the immediate culprit for igniting pancreatitis

Gut distress and intervention via communications of SARS-CoV-2 with mucosal exposome

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