Mild Moxibustion Decreases the Expression of Prokineticin 2 and Prokineticin Receptor 2 in the Colon and Spinal Cord of Rats with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Zhou, Cili; Zhao, Jimeng; Wu, Luyi; Huang, Renjia; Shi, Yin; Wang, Xiaomei; Liao, Wen Ling; Jun-hee, Hong.; Liu, Shimin; Wu, Huangan

doi:10.1155/2014/807308

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The expression of PKR1 in the urothelium is upregulated after CYP treatment, as indicated by our IHC data, as a response to inflammatory stimulation ( Figure 2 ). Similar results were reported in studies on other tissues, including the epithelium, under physiological and/or pathological conditions [ 25 , 29 – 31 ]. CYP administration can cause immune cells to infiltrate into the bladder wall, suggesting that the immigrating and activated immune cells possibly contribute to the overexpression of PKR1 in cystitis as PKR1 is expressed on these cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

PK2/PKR1 Signaling Regulates Bladder Function and Sensation in Rats with Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis

Chen

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2015

Mediators of Inflammation

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Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a novel chemokine-like peptide with multiple proinflammatory and nociception-related activities. This study aimed to explore the potential role of PK2 in modulating bladder activity and sensation in rats with cyclophosphamide- (CYP-) induced cystitis. Changes of PK2 and prokineticin receptors (PKRs) in normal and inflamed urinary bladders were determined at several time points (4 h, 48 h, and 8 d) after CYP treatment. Combining a nonselective antagonist of prokineticin receptors (PKRA), we further evaluated the regulatory role of PK2 in modulating bladder function and visceral pain sensation via conscious cystometry and pain behavioral scoring. PK2 and prokineticin receptor 1 (PKR1), but not prokineticin receptor 2, were detected in normal and upregulated in CYP-treated rat bladders at several levels. Immunohistochemistry staining localized PKR1 primarily in the urothelium. Blocking PKRs with PKRA showed no effect on micturition reflex activity and bladder sensation in control rats while it increased the voiding volume, prolonged voiding interval, and ameliorated visceral hyperalgesia in rats suffering from CYP-induced cystitis. In conclusion, PK2/PKR1 signaling pathway contributes to the modulation of inflammation-mediated voiding dysfunction and spontaneous visceral pain. Local blockade of PKRs may represent a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for the clinical management of inflammation-related bladder diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

PK2/PKR1 Signaling Regulates Bladder Function and Sensation in Rats with Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis

Chen

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2015

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…Acupuncture has been used as a safe and effective therapy to treat IBS and related functional bowel disorders. 3,4 It not only mitigates clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhoea and constipation, but also regulates intestinal substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptides and expression of the P2x7 receptor. 5,6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of moxibustion on the expression of GDNF and its receptor GFRα3 in the colon and spinal cord of rats with irritable bowel syndrome

Jin

et al. 2019

Acupunct Med

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Background: Moxibustion treatment has been found to ameliorate clinical symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhoea and constipation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Herein we investigated the mechanisms underlying the use of moxibustion in a rat model of IBS. Methods: In our study, an IBS model was established in rats by colorectal distension (CRD) stimulus and mustard oil enema. The rats were randomly divided into a normal group, model group, mild moxibustion group, electroacupuncture group, probiotic group and dicetel group. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores were determined within 90 min of the last treatment. The expression of GDNF/GFRα3 protein and mRNA in the colon and spinal cord were detected by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time-PCR, respectively. Results: The IBS model rats had significantly higher AWR scores than the normal group ( P<0.01). After mild moxibustion treatment, the AWR score was significantly reduced (20 mm Hg, P<0.05; 40 mm Hg, 60 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg, P<0.01). The model group showed significantly more colonic glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF/GFRα3 (GDNF family receptor α3) protein and mRNA expression in the colon and spinal cord than the normal group ( P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of GDNF/GFRα3 protein and mRNA in the colon and spinal cord of the rats were significantly decreased in the mild moxibustion group (colon: GDNF and GFRα3 protein, P<0.01; GDNF and GFRα3 mRNA, P<0.01; spinal cord: GDNF and GFRα3 protein, P<0.01; GDNF mRNA, P<0.05, GFRα3 mRNA, P<0.01). Conclusions: Our data suggest that moxibustion therapy may mitigate CRD-induced increases in the expression of GDNF and its receptor GFRα3 in the colon and spinal cord in a rat model of IBS.

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“…자극 혹은 화학적 자극을 반복하고, 이후 성인 개체로 성장한 6주령에 직장 감각 과민을 평가하는 방법이다. 물리적 자극으로 직 장 풍선 확장을 시행한 연구가 15편 이었으며[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] , 1편에서 화학적…”

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Experimental Study Trends on the Acupuncture Moxibustion Treatment for Visceral Hypersensitivity: Based on the Data of PubMed

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study is to review the current trends in experimental studies on the acupuncture moxibustion treatment for visceral hypersensitivity. Methods : PubMed was searched for experimental studies about visceral hypersensitivity and acupuncture/moxibustion. Data were extracted and tabulated from the selected articles about experimental method, intervention, result and mechanism. Results : Total 23 articles were reviewed. Chronic visceral hypersensitivity animal model was applied in 17 studies (74%). Visceral hypersensitivity was measured by abdominal withdrawal reflex scoring or/and abdominal electromyogram. Acupoints like ST25, ST36, ST37, BL25, LI11, BL32 and PC6 were treated by electroacupuncture or moxibustion. All articles reported that electroacupuncture or moxibustion treatment is significantly effective in reducing visceral hypersensitivity. Treatment mechanisms were studied, related to mast cell, serotonin (5-HT) and receptor (5-HT3R and 5-HT4R), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), c-fos positive cell, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), purinergic 2X (P2X)2, P2X3, P2X4, P2X7, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NR1 and NR2B), prokinectin (PK) 1 and PK2. Conclusions : Evidences on acupuncture/moxibustion treatment for visceral hypersensitivity in animal studies warrant more research on effective acupoins, electro-acupuncture methods and treatment durations.

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Mild Moxibustion Decreases the Expression of Prokineticin 2 and Prokineticin Receptor 2 in the Colon and Spinal Cord of Rats with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

PK2/PKR1 Signaling Regulates Bladder Function and Sensation in Rats with Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis

PK2/PKR1 Signaling Regulates Bladder Function and Sensation in Rats with Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis

Effect of moxibustion on the expression of GDNF and its receptor GFRα3 in the colon and spinal cord of rats with irritable bowel syndrome

Experimental Study Trends on the Acupuncture Moxibustion Treatment for Visceral Hypersensitivity: Based on the Data of PubMed

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