Mild electrocatalytic hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil derived phenolic compounds using ruthenium supported on activated carbon cloth

Selective cyclohexanol production from the renewable lignin derived phenolic chemicals catalyzed by Ni/MgO

“…It also contains typical chemical bonds such as Ar-O, C-O and C-H, which makes it challenging for hydrogenation [9]. Therefore, guaiacol has usually been selected as a model compound for the efficient utilization of lignin-derived bio-oil and lignin depolymerization products [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Lignin-Derived Phenol into Alkanes by Using Platinum Supported on Graphite

“…The ionization state of phenol varies with solution pH, potentially affecting its adsorption characteristics. 13 In neutral and basic condition, phenol adsorption onto the catalyst is reduced and makes the ECH process more difficult. In the acidic electrolyte, 0.2 mol/L HClO 4 was most suitable for ECH of phenol and afforded cyclohexane in 44.1% yield (entry 15).…”

“…24 Because it was difficult to measure the actual effective electrode surface area, current is directly used without calculating current density. 13 See study of the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of Pt/G electrode below (section 3.8).…”

“…A number of authors have explored ECH of phenolic compounds such as phenol, 14,15 guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) and syringol (2,6-dimethoxyphenol), 13 on electrodes such as Rh and Pd supported on carbon rod (Rh/C and Pd/C), Ru supported on activated carbon cloth (Ru/ACC) and Raney Ni, but these research showed that it was difficult to removed hydroxyl from the aromatic ring. Almost all researchers obtained cyclohexanol or other alcohols from the phenolic compounds.…”

“…Ideally, the needed electricity would come from carbon-free sources such as solar, wind, or even nuclear power. 13 In the ECH process, the chemisorbed hydrogen (H ads ) generated in situ on the catalytic electrode surface by electroreduction of hydronium ion or water [Eq. (1)] reacts with the adsorbed organic substrates (Y = Z) [Eqs.…”