MILD COMBUSTION FOR FUEL-NO<sub>x</sub>REDUCTION

Galbiati, Massimo; Cavigiolo, Alessandro; Effuggi, Alessandro; Gelosa, D.; Rota, Renato

doi:10.1080/00102200490426424

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…When solid fuel is used, NO x is formed in MILD combustion following the routes of thermal NO x and fuel NO x (accounting for 95% of the total NO x emissions). The MILD combustion can decrease the thermal NO emission by 70% [6] and fuel NO x by 40%-60% [42]. This is why NO x emissions can be reduced when coal combustion takes place the MILD mode.…”

Section: The Origin Of Mild Combustion Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…National and international R&D of MILD combustion Investigators from Germany [2,[23][24][25][26][27] and Japan [5,6,28] appeared to first conduct the research and development (R&D) on the MILD combustion, followed by those from Sweden [29][30][31][32][33][34][35], Italy [4,27,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42], the Netherlands [43] , France, Australia [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the United States [44,45] and China [8][9][10][11][12][46][47][48][49][50][51]…”

Section: The Origin Of Mild Combustion Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion

Dally

et al. 2011

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

145

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Moderate or intense low oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion plays a significant role in the mitigation of combustion-generated pollutants and greenhouse gases whilst meeting thermal efficiency needs. However, due to the lack of the fundamental knowledge on this combustion, there is a misconception that MILD combustion should be established by high preheating of the air, which has limited its application. Our research and development on this combustion has been performed for several years. We have found that the requirements for establishing the MILD combustion are more relaxed than previously. It is also revealed that this combustion of different type, i.e., non-premixed, partially premixed and fully premixed, can be achieved by firing various fuels (i.e., gaseous, liquid and solid fuels). It is suggested that the application of the MILD combustion can be expanded significantly. The present review summarizes the progress and recent trend made in the R&D of this combustion and recommends further fundamental studies for improving our knowledge and widening its applications. high temperature air combustion, flameless oxidation, flameless combustion, oxy-fuel combustion Citation: Li P F, Mi J C, Dally B B, et al. Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion.

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Section: The Origin Of Mild Combustion Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Origin Of Mild Combustion Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion

Dally

et al. 2011

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The reason for the limited reduction effect is speculated to be the suppressed NO emission already achieved by MILD combustion as reported by previous studies. 8,15,16,50,51 To gain more insight into the impact of the fuel-rich/ lean technology on NO emissions under MILD mode, detailed analysis is performed in terms of the four NO formation and reduction paths ([A] thermal, [B] prompt, [C] fuel, and [D] reburning) as shown in Figure 10. From Figure 10A, it is evident that the variation of prompt-NO among the cases is insignificant.…”

Section: Detailed Analysis Of No X Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The essence of this technology for coal combustion is to achieve strong recirculation of the injected streams so that the coal particles are heated and combusted in a highly substoichiometric condition. Galbiati et al 15 and Saha et al 16 experimentally investigated the fuel-NO formation under MILD conditions burning nitrogen-rich fossil fuels. There is a growing body of research on coal MILD combustions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results highlighted the potential of coal MILD combustion for NO x emission reduction owing to the stronger NO reburning mechanism as compared with the conventional combustion. Galbiati et al 15 and Saha et al 16 experimentally investigated the fuel-NO formation under MILD conditions burning nitrogen-rich fossil fuels. The results showed that fuel-NO formation could be significantly reduced, and the extent of the reduction depends on the oxygen excess level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical study of further NO _x emission reduction for coal MILD combustion by combining fuel‐rich/lean technology

Zeng

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary This paper numerically examines the feasibility of further reducing NOx emission from a semi‐industrial scale coal MILD (moderate and intense low‐oxygen dilution) combustion furnace by adopting fuel‐rich/lean technology. The implementation is achieved by separating the original fuel jet into two parallel jets which will be used as rich and lean streams. An effort has been made to develop a 13‐step reaction mechanism and NOx evolution UDFs (user defined functions) for better understanding the interactions between MILD combustion and fuel‐rich/lean technology. The experiment of the reference case (Combustion and Flame 156.9 (2009): 1771‐1784) is well reproduced by the present numerical simulation, indicating high reliability of developed models. The validity of the further reduction of NOx emission is assessed by the comparison among inner‐fuel‐rich (IFR), outer‐fuel‐rich (OFR), and reference cases resulting from the adjustment of the fuel supply through the two fuel‐rich/lean jets. The results show that both IFR and OFR configurations succeed in achieving further reduction of NOx emission as compared with the reference case, which stems from both thermal and fuel paths. Specifically, the decrease of thermal‐NO emission originates from the contraction of high‐temperature regions (>1800 K), where nearly 94% reduction occurs within the temperature range of 1800 K and 1950 K while only 6% within 1950 K and 2030 K despite their high temperature sensitivity. The reduction of the fuel‐NO emission is mainly attributed to the promoted NO reduction on char surface and neutralization with HCN and NH3. Generally, the NOx emission can be minimized by enlarging the equivalence ratio difference between rich and lean jets, and the OFR configuration exhibits a higher potential than the IFR counterparts. However, since a relatively high temperature (1623 K) secondary air was used in the experiment, the maximum NOx reduction potential was limited to only 2.5%.

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MILDCombustion

Joannon

Sabia

Cavaliere

2010

Handbook of Combustion

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The sections in this article are Introduction Definition and Properties Main Effects of Operative Conditions Combustion Chamber Properties Pollution Reduction/Abatement‐Effect of Diluent Nature Identification of Basic Processes in MILD Combustion Applications in Industry Energy Conversion Plants Material Treatment Pollution Abatement Summary and Outlook

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MILD COMBUSTION FOR FUEL-NO_xREDUCTION

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion

Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion

Numerical study of further NO _x emission reduction for coal MILD combustion by combining fuel‐rich/lean technology

MILDCombustion

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MILD COMBUSTION FOR FUEL-NOxREDUCTION

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion

Progress and recent trend in MILD combustion

Numerical study of further NO x emission reduction for coal MILD combustion by combining fuel‐rich/lean technology

MILDCombustion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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MILD COMBUSTION FOR FUEL-NO_xREDUCTION

Numerical study of further NO _x emission reduction for coal MILD combustion by combining fuel‐rich/lean technology