Mild Cognitive Impairment

Janelidze, Marina; Botchorishvili, Nazibrola

doi:10.5772/intechopen.75509

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a significant faster decline in memory and executive functioning is observed compared to HOA. The deteriorations in memory and executive functioning, accompanied by changes in various brain structures (including the hippocampus and the cingulate cortex), are considered critical to distinguish aMCI from healthy aging (Johnson et al, 2012 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ; Chehrehnegar et al, 2020 ). Under the assumption of the neurovisceral integration model (Thayer and Lane, 2000 ; Thayer, 2009 ; Smith et al, 2017 ) and the vagal tank theory (Laborde et al, 2018 ), these changes might affect the cardiac vagal activity at rest and in response to cognitive demands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the normal aging process is associated with structural and functional changes in the brain that are associated with a gradual decline in physical and cognitive abilities, possibly limiting functional abilities of daily life and quality of life (Harada et al, 2013 ; Bennett and Madden, 2014 ; Lockhart and DeCarli, 2014 ; Dumas, 2015 ; Murman, 2015 ; Organization, 2015 ; Cleeland et al, 2019 ; Salthouse, 2019 ). This functional decline exists on a continuum from healthy aging to pathological states like “mild cognitive impairment” or “dementia” (Petersen et al, 1997 , 2014 ; Lindbergh et al, 2016 ; Sanford, 2017 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ). In 2015, 46.8 million people were living with dementia (Prince et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2015, 46.8 million people were living with dementia (Prince et al, 2015 ). The prevalence for mild neurocognitive disorders (mNCD) is more than twice as high as for dementia and ranges between 3 and 54% depending on the clinical classification (Petersen et al, 2009 , 2014 , 2018 ; Hu et al, 2017 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ; Parnetti et al, 2019 ). The globally growing life expectancy serves as a risk the factor for cognitive decline and is accordingly expected to boost the incidence and prevalence of neurocognitive disorders including dementia (Hu et al, 2017 ; Kontis et al, 2017 ; Sanford, 2017 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ; Levine et al, 2018 ; Gillis et al, 2019 ; Parnetti et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence for mild neurocognitive disorders (mNCD) is more than twice as high as for dementia and ranges between 3 and 54% depending on the clinical classification (Petersen et al, 2009 , 2014 , 2018 ; Hu et al, 2017 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ; Parnetti et al, 2019 ). The globally growing life expectancy serves as a risk the factor for cognitive decline and is accordingly expected to boost the incidence and prevalence of neurocognitive disorders including dementia (Hu et al, 2017 ; Kontis et al, 2017 ; Sanford, 2017 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ; Levine et al, 2018 ; Gillis et al, 2019 ; Parnetti et al, 2019 ). A physically or cognitively sedentary lifestyle is another highly prevalent risk factor associated with cognitive decline and increased risk for cognitive impairment (e.g., dementia) in the aging population (Verghese et al, 2006 ; Geda et al, 2010 ; Guthold et al, 2018 ; Licher et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Reactivity of Heart Rate Variability Be a Potential Biomarker and Monitoring Tool to Promote Healthy Aging? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

et al. 2021

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Background: Monitoring phasic responses of heart rate variability (HRV) in terms of HRV reactivity [i. e., the absolute change from resting state to on-task (i.e., absolute values of HRV measured during exercise)] might provide useful insights into the individual psychophysiological responses of healthy middle-aged to older adults (HOA) to cognitive and physical exercises.Objectives: To summarize the evidence of phasic HRV responses to cognitive and physical exercises, and to evaluate key moderating factors influencing these responses.Methods: A systematic review with meta-analyses was performed. Publications up to May 2020 of the databases Medline (EBSCO), Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Web of Science, Scopus, and Pedro were considered. Controlled clinical trials and observational studies measuring phasic HRV responses to cognitive and/or physical exercises in HOA (≥50 years) were included.Results: The initial search identified 6,828 articles, of which 43 were included into the systematic review. Compared to resting state, vagally-mediated HRV indices were significantly reduced during all types of exercises [Hedge's g = −0.608, 95 % CI (−0.999 to −0.218), p = 0.002] indicating a significant parasympathetic withdrawal compared to rest. The key moderating variables of these responses identified included exercise intensity for physical exercises, and participant characteristics (i.e., level of cognitive functioning, physical fitness), task demands (i.e., task complexity and modality) and the individual responses to these cognitive challenges for cognitive exercises. In particular, higher task demands (task complexity and physical exercise intensity) were related to larger HRV reactivities. Better physical fitness and cognition were associated with lower HRV reactivities. Additionally, HRV reactivity appeared to be sensitive to training-induced cognitive and neural changes.Conclusion: HRV reactivity seems to be a promising biomarker for monitoring internal training load and evaluating neurobiological effects of training interventions. Further research is warranted to evaluate the potential of HRV reactivity as a monitoring parameter to guide cognitive-motor training interventions and/or as a biomarker for cognitive impairment. This may facilitate the early detection of cognitive impairment as well as allow individualized training adaptations that, in turn, support the healthy aging process by optimizing individual exercise dose and progression of cognitive-motor training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Can Reactivity of Heart Rate Variability Be a Potential Biomarker and Monitoring Tool to Promote Healthy Aging? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

et al. 2021

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“…The clinical picture of mNCD represents an intermediate stage of cognitive impairment between the normal aging process and dementia ( Petersen et al, 1997 , 2014 ; American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ; Lindbergh et al, 2016 ; Sanford, 2017 ; Janelidze and Botchorishvili, 2018 ; World Health Organization [WHO], 2018 ). It is diagnosed on basis of: “(A.)…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Making the Best Out of IT: Design and Development of Exergames for Older Adults With Mild Neurocognitive Disorder – A Methodological Paper

Manser

Bruin

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Utilizing information technology (IT) systems, for example in form of computerized cognitive screening or exergame-based (also called active videogames) training, has gained growing interest for supporting healthy aging and to detect, prevent and treat neurocognitive disorders (NCD). To ameliorate the effectiveness of exergaming, the neurobiological mechanisms as well as the most effective components for exergame-based training remain to be established. At the same time, it is important to account for the end-users’ capabilities, preferences, and therapeutic needs during the design and development process to foster the usability and acceptance of the resulting program in clinical practice. This will positively influence adherence to the resulting exergame-based training program, which, in turn, favors more distinct training-related neurobiological effects.Objectives and Methods: This methodological paper describes the design and development process of novel exergame-based training concepts guided by a recently proposed methodological framework: The ‘Multidisciplinary Iterative Design of Exergames (MIDE): A Framework for Supporting the Design, Development, and Evaluation of Exergames for Health’ (Li et al., 2020).Case Study: A step-by-step application of the MIDE-framework as a specific guidance in an ongoing project aiming to design, develop, and evaluate an exergame-based training concept with the aim to halt and/or reduce cognitive decline and improve quality of life in older adults with mild neurocognitive disorder (mNCD) is illustrated.Discussion and Conclusion: The development of novel exergame-based training concepts is greatly facilitated when it is based on a theoretical framework (e.g., the MIDE-framework). Applying this framework resulted in a structured, iterative, and evidence-based approach that led to the identification of multiple key requirements for the exergame design as well as the training components that otherwise may have been overlooked or neglected. This is expected to foster the usability and acceptance of the resulting exergame intervention in “real life” settings. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to implement a theoretical framework (e.g., the MIDE-framework) for future research projects in line with well-known checklists to improve completeness of reporting and replicability when serious games for motor-cognitive rehabilitation purposes are to be developed.

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Metabolic Role of Hyperhomocysteinemia in the Etiology of Chronic Diseases

Suresh¹,

Waly

2021

Nutritional Management and Metabolic Aspects of Hyperhomocysteinemia

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Mild Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Can Reactivity of Heart Rate Variability Be a Potential Biomarker and Monitoring Tool to Promote Healthy Aging? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

Can Reactivity of Heart Rate Variability Be a Potential Biomarker and Monitoring Tool to Promote Healthy Aging? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

Making the Best Out of IT: Design and Development of Exergames for Older Adults With Mild Neurocognitive Disorder – A Methodological Paper

Metabolic Role of Hyperhomocysteinemia in the Etiology of Chronic Diseases

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