Migration, the Quality of the Labour Force and Economic Inequality

Kahanec, Martin; Zimmermann, Klaus F.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1424847

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…As potential covariates we considered aggregate and female labour force participation rates, aggregate and female unemployment rates, share of the population between 15 and 64 years of age, labour force in the agricultural sector, share of the government in the economy, gross domestic product and inflation rate, as well as a number of controls for the character and quality of the data on Gini coefficient, year, and country. A regression analysis by Kahanec and Zimmermann (2008) confirms that the observed decreasing and U-shaped relationship is robust and significant over a number of model specifications, including models with weighing by data quality and country size, clustering, and random and fixed country effects. The estimated coefficients predict the minimum of the U-shaped relationship between the share of skilled labour and the Gini coefficient to lie at about 75% of the labour force with upper secondary or higher education and 65% of the labour force with post secondary or higher education.…”

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confidence: 61%

International Migration, Ethnicity, and Economic Inequality

Kahanec¹,

Zimmermann²

2011

Oxford Handbooks Online

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in International Migration, Ethnicity and Economic InequalityMartin Kahanec Klaus F. Zimmermann The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. While the allocative efficiency of mobility is typically considered to be positive but small in the long run, the induced changes in equality may be considerable in size. In practice, however, migrants typically improve their income position in comparison to those at home, stimulate the economic situation of the sending countries through remittances and rise the economic performance of natives and of capital in the host country through complementarities. The chapter suggests that at least skilled immigration promotes economic equality in the host country under standard conditions. The context is empirically documented und theoretically explained in a core model. Also, immigrant assimilation and selection is discussed, as is the role of ethnicity and ethnic identity for relative economic performance.JEL Classification: D33, D63, E25, F22, F24, J15, J61, O15

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confidence: 61%

International Migration, Ethnicity, and Economic Inequality

Kahanec¹,

Zimmermann²

2011

Oxford Handbooks Online

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“…Using data on immigration to OECD countries, Kahanec and Zimmermann (2008) provide empirical evidence on the positive relationship between high-skilled immigration and economic equality in the destination countries. In addition, it is known that immigration may alleviate the demographic burden and, especially skilled immigration, may relieve the pressure placed due to an ageing population in the old EU15 (see Bonin et al, 2000 for an analysis of the fiscal impact of earlier immigration in Germany).…”

Section: A the Destination Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from Migration after EU Enlargement

Kahanec

Zaiceva

Zimmermann

2009

EU Labor Markets After Post-Enlargement Migration

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. Lessons from Migration after EU Enlargement 1 IntroductionWhat once was unimaginable, then a vision, turned into reality, when eight Central and Eastern European countries 1 (EU8), together with Cyprus and Malta, and Bulgaria and Romania (EU2), joined the European Union in May 2004 and January 2007, respectively. While cheered by many, EU enlargement brought about a number of concerns as well. The change it impinged on the European migration landscape was unprecedented in many aspects: the population size of the acceding countries was large; the differences in income between the old EU member states 2 and the EU8 and the EU2 were substantial; essentially no migration between the former Soviet bloc and the West was allowed during the decades of separation by the "Iron Curtain"; and the new member states underwent a complex process of societal transformation to a free society and a market-based economy prior to their EU accession.These specific circumstances partly explain the sensitivity of the migration issue among the general public as well as policy makers across Europe, who feared economic, social, cultural and political consequences of free east-west migration in an enlarged EU. Competition in the labor markets and for welfare benefits has prominently driven these fears. In contradiction of the European Union's fundamental principle of free movement, 3 these fears have materialized as transitional periods of up to seven years, which ...

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“…The distributional effects of international migration are essential, one of its major repercussions consisting of a significant change in the size and structure (skills) of the labour force in both the sending and receiving economies. The effects are amplified when there is an associated change in skills distribution among the labour force [18]. For example, this is the case in a country confronted with large immigration inflows with an average qualification level higher (or lower) than that of native workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrants’ Role in Enhancing the Economic Development of Host Countries: Empirical Evidence from Europe

et al. 2018

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This research examines several modellers of immigration flows deployed within the European Union (EU), as well as their economic consequences upon the most targeted ten migrant receiving countries. The paper's aim is to identify specific ways in which migrants can contribute to host countries' sustainable development through positive spillover upon natives, labour market performance, and the overall economic activity. A set of methods and macro-econometric models, based on country fixed effects, spatial analysis, and structural equations modelling, was applied on a balanced panel formed by ten EU host economies. We analysed distinctly the labour and humanitarian (asylum seekers) migration flows, considered throughout two separate time periods, namely 2000-2015 and 2000-2019 (2019 being the deadline for Brexit negotiations). The results highlight that the immigration flows were mainly shaped by labour market outcomes, while the primary positive immigration impact was induced upon the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and employment levels, both for natives and the foreign population.

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Migration, the Quality of the Labour Force and Economic Inequality

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

International Migration, Ethnicity, and Economic Inequality

International Migration, Ethnicity, and Economic Inequality

Lessons from Migration after EU Enlargement

Migrants’ Role in Enhancing the Economic Development of Host Countries: Empirical Evidence from Europe

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