Migration, social policy, and power in historical perspective

Abstract

Migration and social policy have become fiercely contested issues in Europe and North America. In this article, I highlight how mobility and migration, on one hand, and social policy, on the other hand, have historically been closely interwoven and shaped by power relations. It is argued that European states actively assisted their poor to leave ‘home’ and settle in far-away places. I will elaborate some of the tensions between freedom of movement and the role of social policy in the North German Confederation ( Norddeutscher Bund [NDB]) and the British Empire. Finally, it is argued that many of the current challenges and issues associated with migration and social policy in Europe are historically not unique.

Beyond immigration: Moving from Western to Global Indexes of Migration Policy

“…Only seven indexes address the policy situation pre‐1970s (see the Appendix for the list of indexes that employs a historical perspective). A historical analysis would be useful to put into perspective contemporary migration trends and policy responses (Seeleib‐Kaiser, 2019). One of the noteworthy exceptions to this trend is the set of indicators developed by Timmer and Williamson (1998), who analysed the development of migration policies for the period 1860–1930 in five countries that were relevant immigration countries at that time (Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, and the United States).…”