Migration, resource management and global change: Experiences from fishing communities in West and Central Africa

Njock, J. C.; Westlund, Lena

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2010.01.020

Cited by 71 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For example, in Mozambique, fighting inland during the civil war drove millions of people to the coast, many of whom turned to fishing (Blythe et al 2013). Migrant fishers can be marginalized in their new communities and exposed to poor living conditions, such as lack of safe drinking water or adequate living quarters (Njock and Westlund 2010). Gentrification in fishing communities in the USA, driven by increasing coastal populations, changing demographics, and a desire for access to natural amenities, is accelerating a move toward non-marine-based economies that displace local residents and their dependence on fishing (Colburn and Jepson 2012).…”

Section: Demographicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communities and change in the anthropocene: understanding social-ecological vulnerability and planning adaptations to multiple interacting exposures

et al. 2015

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The majority of vulnerability and adaptation scholarship, policies and programs focus exclusively on climate change or global environmental change. Yet, individuals, communities and sectors experience a broad array of multi-scalar and multi-temporal, social, political, economic and environmental changes to which they are vulnerable and must adapt. While extensive theoreticaland increasingly empirical-work suggests the need to explore multiple exposures, a clear conceptual framework which would facilitate analysis of vulnerability and adaptation to multiple interacting socioeconomic and biophysical changes is lacking. This review and synthesis paper aims to fill this gap through presenting a conceptual framework for integrating multiple exposures into vulnerability analysis and adaptation planning. To support applications of the framework and facilitate assessments and comparative analyses of community vulnerability, we develop a comprehensive typology of drivers and exposures experienced by coastal communities. Our results reveal essential elements of a pragmatic approach for localscale vulnerability analysis and for planning appropriate adaptations within the context of multiple interacting exposures. We also identify methodologies for characterizing exposures and impacts, exploring interactions and identifying and prioritizing responses. This review focuses on coastal communities; however, we believe the framework, typology and approach will be useful for understanding vulnerability and planning adaptation to multiple exposures in various social-ecological contexts.

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Section: Demographicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communities and change in the anthropocene: understanding social-ecological vulnerability and planning adaptations to multiple interacting exposures

et al. 2015

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“…However, in many cases fishers are mobile. Seasonal migration among fishers, which is common in numerous countries (e.g., Aburto et al 2009;Njock and Westlund 2010;Crona and Rosendo 2011), has implications for co-management. For example, Crona and Rosendo (2011) argued that migration can either motivate local co-management participation as a means of excluding outsiders, or it can undermine co-management because of the increased Ostrom's design principles related to each of the three categories (resource system, resource users and governance system) are shown in parenthesis heterogeneity of resource users, disrupting clearly defined boundaries.…”

Section: Challenges For the Transition Towards Adaptive Co-managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Migrant fishers should be thus included in decision-making processes as a distinct user-group. However, given that migrants may be competing for resources with host communities, they sometimes suffer from discrimination, marginalization and exclusion from various aspects of community life, including political institutions and decision-making (Njock and Westlund 2010;Crona and Rosendo 2011;Nunan et al 2012).…”

Section: Challenges For the Transition Towards Adaptive Co-managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards adaptive co-management of small-scale fisheries in Uruguay and Brazil: lessons from using Ostrom’s design principles

Trimble

Berkes

2015

Maritime Studies

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The literature on commons has established the validity and significance of Elinor Ostrom's design principles for collective action. Can these principles be used to guide policies and initiatives towards adaptive co-management? We analyze this idea by using two case studies, Piriápolis (Uruguay) and Paraty (Brazil). Both cases are small-scale fisheries, and both have been experiencing a social-ecological crisis in a context of prevailing top-down government management. However, there are signs that government policies are moving towards participatory governance. The objective of this article is to identify opportunities and barriers to adaptive co-management of small-scale fisheries in Uruguay and Brazil using Ostrom's design principles for guidance. Both case studies partially meet seven of the eleven design principles (as amended by Cox and colleagues), but do not fulfill four. The analysis of the fisheries using Ostrom's principles sheds light on the opportunities and barriers to adaptive co-management in three categories: resource system, resource users, and governance system. Barriers include long-standing conflicts between small-scale fishers and government agencies, and between small and large-scale fisheries sectors. Nevertheless, recent initiatives involving participatory approaches to research and management show potential to improve compliance with several principles. Two weaknesses of using Ostrom's principles for the analysis of the cases were a lack of attention to social learning and the exclusion of external drivers.

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“…Curran 2002;Njock and Westlund 2008;Njock and Westlund 2010;Binet et al 2012;Wanyonyi et al 2016). Seasonal or permanent migration is frequently a response to variations in resource abundance or market access.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several scholars have pointed out that migrant fishers often do contribute socially and economically (e.g. Haakonsen 1991;Duffy-Tumasz 2012), even though they have been often excluded from discussions and practices regarding fisheries management and related development projects (Njock and Westlund 2010;Crona and Rosendo 2011). In parallel, it has been suggested that migrant fishers who have assimilated into communities via intermarriage or through kinship and social ties do not differ behaviorally from members of the host community (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish as a ‘bridge’ connecting migrant fishers with the local community: findings from Okinawa, Japan

Sugimoto

2016

Maritime Studies

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Migration is part of fishers' livelihood strategies, and the topic of 'migration and fisheries' has gained considerable attention from researchers. Previous works identified negative and positive impacts of migrant fishers on local communities. However, little attention has been given to how social relationships are actually built between migrant fishers and local residents. This paper is based on observations of daily life and social connections in a coastal village in Okinawa, Japan and aims to fill this gap. It also provides a picture of how relationships between migrant fishers and host communities are built. Fieldwork yielded the following results. 1) Migrants moved to Okinawa in various phases; 2) Through their fishing activities, they have established good relationships with other fishers and non-fishing residents; 3) Sharing and selling fishery products has helped migrant fishers and their families gain socio-cultural knowledge and learn about the social conventions of the community, enabling them to integrate themselves into the social fabric of local community life.

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Migration, resource management and global change: Experiences from fishing communities in West and Central Africa

Cited by 71 publications

References 9 publications

Communities and change in the anthropocene: understanding social-ecological vulnerability and planning adaptations to multiple interacting exposures

Communities and change in the anthropocene: understanding social-ecological vulnerability and planning adaptations to multiple interacting exposures

Towards adaptive co-management of small-scale fisheries in Uruguay and Brazil: lessons from using Ostrom’s design principles

Fish as a ‘bridge’ connecting migrant fishers with the local community: findings from Okinawa, Japan

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