Migration patterns of subventricular zone cells in adult mice change after cerebral cortex injury

Efficient non-viral transfection of adult neural stem/progenitor cells, without affecting viability, proliferation or differentiation

“…The findings in paper I provide a mechanism for astroglial differentiation of NSPCs following brain injury 91,191,192 . In a previous study, Gage et al (1995) demonstrated that hippocampal NSPCs that were grafted into the adult rat dentate gyrus showed a clear localisation in the area damaged by the grafting procedure and that many of these cells displayed a glial phenotype 87 .…”

Compensatory Neurogenesis in the Injured Adult Brain

“…Migration of progenitor cells into the lesioned cortex appeared to be at the expense of migration to the olfactory bulb; in control animals approximately half of the labeled SVZ cells were found in the olfactory bulb, whereas only a quarter of labeled cells migrated there following cortical injury (Goings, et al, 2004). However, the majority of adult-born cells located in the lesioned area appear to be newly generated glial cells, with limited to no neuronal differentiation observed (Chirumamilla, et al, 2002, Goings, et al, 2004. Finally, an increase in proliferative markers and the number of proliferative neural progenitor cells was recently observed to be increased in the perilesion cortex of the human brain following TBI (Zheng, et al, 2011), indicating that TBI may also induce compensatory neurogenesis in the human brain.…”

“…Interestingly, in the CCI model progenitor cell migration within the SVZ -OB pathway, as demonstrated by PSA-NCAM expression, was not enhanced until 25-35 days post TBI (Goings, et al, 2002). Retroviral labeling of SVZ progenitor cells and examination of the location of labeled cells at 4 days and 3 weeks post injury in adult mice determined that very few cells migrated into the cerebral cortex in the normal brain, whereas a large number of labeled cells migrated into the lesioned area following cortical impact (Goings, et al, 2004). Migration of progenitor cells into the lesioned cortex appeared to be at the expense of migration to the olfactory bulb; in control animals approximately half of the labeled SVZ cells were found in the olfactory bulb, whereas only a quarter of labeled cells migrated there following cortical injury (Goings, et al, 2004).…”

“…Retroviral labeling of SVZ progenitor cells and examination of the location of labeled cells at 4 days and 3 weeks post injury in adult mice determined that very few cells migrated into the cerebral cortex in the normal brain, whereas a large number of labeled cells migrated into the lesioned area following cortical impact (Goings, et al, 2004). Migration of progenitor cells into the lesioned cortex appeared to be at the expense of migration to the olfactory bulb; in control animals approximately half of the labeled SVZ cells were found in the olfactory bulb, whereas only a quarter of labeled cells migrated there following cortical injury (Goings, et al, 2004). However, the majority of adult-born cells located in the lesioned area appear to be newly generated glial cells, with limited to no neuronal differentiation observed (Chirumamilla, et al, 2002, Goings, et al, 2004.…”

Neurogenèse dans les pathologies du système nerveux

“…Une gliogenèse est donc observée après traumatisme crânien. Des marquages rétroviraux montrent que des cellules produites dans la RSV migrent vers le site de lésion, où elles se différencient en cellules gliales [25] ; ces résultats n'éliminent cependant pas une origine locale ou péri-phérique des cellules gliales constituant la cicatrice. Un seul rapport met en évidence la production de nouvelles cellules neuronales au site de lésion [26] : si l'origine de ces cellules n'a pas encore été déterminée, il est probable qu'elles proviennent de la migration de cellules progénitrices neuronales à partir de la RSV, comme cela a été observé dans d'autres modèles de lésions du système nerveux central [13,15,[20][21][22].…”