Migration Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk in Asian-American Women

Ziegler, Regina G.; Hoover, Robert N.; Pike, Malcolm C.; Hildesheim, Allan; Nomura, Abraham M. Y.; West, Dee W.; Wu‐Williams, Anna H.; Kolonel, Laurence N.; Horn‐Ross, Pamela L.; Rosenthal, Jeanne F.; Hyer, Marianne

doi:10.1093/jnci/85.22.1819

Cited by 961 publications

(607 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Breast cancer incidence rates in South Asian women living in England are lower than those in the English native population, but higher than those in the Indian subcontinent (Harding and Rosato, 1999;Winter et al, 1999;Smith et al, 2003), consistent with studies in migrants from low-to high-risk countries in which incidence approaches that of the native population within one or two generations (Shimizu et al, 1991;Ziegler et al, 1993). Although rates are lower than that of the native population, breast cancer remains the most common cancer among South Asian women (Harding and Rosato, 1999;Winter et al, 1999).…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

Heterogeneity of breast cancer risk within the South Asian female population in England: a population-based case–control study of first-generation migrants

et al. 2004

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South Asian women in England have a lower breast cancer risk than their English-native counterparts, but less is known about variations in risk between distinct South Asian ethnic subgroups. We used the data from a population-based case -control study of first-generation South Asian migrants to assess risks by ethnic subgroup. In all, 240 breast cancer cases, identified through cancer registries, were individually matched on age and general practitioner to two controls. Information on the region of origin, religious and linguistic background, and on breast cancer risk factors was obtained from participants. Breast cancer odds varied significantly between the ethnic subgroups (P ¼ 0.008), with risk increasing in the following order: Bangladeshi Muslims (odds ratio (OR) 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 1.06), Punjabi Hindu (OR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.33, 1.27), Gujarati Hindu (1 ¼ reference group), Punjabi Sikh (OR 1.23, 95% CI: 0.72, 2.11) and Pakistani/Indian Muslims (OR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.81). The statistically significant raised risk in Pakistani/Indian Muslims increased with adjustment for socioeconomic and reproductive risk factors (OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.58), but was attenuated, and no longer significant, with further adjustment for waist circumference and intake of nonstarch polysaccharides and fat (OR 1.49, 95% CI: 0.85, 2.63). These findings reveal differences in breast cancer risk between South Asian ethnic subgroups, which were not fully explained by reproductive differences, but were partly accounted for by diet and body size.

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supporting

confidence: 55%

Heterogeneity of breast cancer risk within the South Asian female population in England: a population-based case–control study of first-generation migrants

et al. 2004

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“…Breast cancer incidence in native-born and USA-born AsianAmericans is approximately 50% and 75%, respectively, that of USA-born Whites and is approximately twice that of women residing in Asia (Ziegler et al, 1993;Hanley et al, 1995). Exposure to Western lifestyles is thought to have a substantial impact on the increased risk for breast cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

A case-control study of breast cancer in Taiwan--a low-incidence area

Yang

Yang²,

Liu³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

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Summary To investigate risk factors for breast cancer in Taiwan, a low-incidence area, a case-control study was conducted. This comprised 244 subjects with diagnosed and pathologically confirmed breast cancer (age range 20-80 years) and 450 female ophthalmology outpatients as controls. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis suggests that breast cancer in Taiwan is aetiologically similar to breast cancer in high to moderate-incidence areas. A family history of breast cancer appears to be the most important factor contributing to the risk of breast cancer (odds ratio = 4.69). The effect of reproductive hormones (represented by the years of history of menses in premenopausal women, odds ratio = 3.35; or the age at menarche in post-menopausal women, odds ratio = 2.67) plays a significant role in tumorigenesis. Breast feeding appears to be a particularly important protective factor in Taiwanese women (odds ratio = 0.57).Keywords: breast cancer; cancer predisposition; reproductive hormone; breast feeding; risk factor; epidemiology Breast cancer is similar to other human cancers in that it arises from a multifactorial process. Recent attention has focused both on genetic predisposition to breast cancer (Sattin et al, 1985;Fisher et al, 1993) and on its association with factors relating to modem affluence, including diet and alcohol consumption (Hunter and Willett, 1993;Rosenberg et al, 1993). Furthermore, the effect of reproductive factors strongly supports a hormonal role in its aetiology Pike et al, 1993). Early menopause, for example, whether occurring naturally or through oophorectomy, has been shown to reduce risk significantly (Trichopoulos et al, 1973;Pike et al, 1981).While numerous studies have been conducted in Western countries to assess the epidemiology of breast cancer, there have been few studies of Asian populations. Such studies are of interest because their different risk profiles may help to explain the lower occurrence of the disease. Although breast cancer in Taiwanese women is the second most common form of cancer (Cancer Registry Annual Report in Taiwan, 1987-91) and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality (based on Public Health Annual Report in Taiwan, 1993), compared with many Western countries Taiwan is considered to be a low-incidence area for breast cancer with an estimated age-adjusted incidence 15-20 per 100 000, which is much lower than the 60-90 per 100 000 in the UK or USA (Parkin et al, 1993 On the basis of hospital chart number, the cases were 244 women randomly selected from subjects with newly diagnosed (incident) and pathologically confirmed breast carcinoma in the age range 20-80 years. The histopathological profile included 227 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and 17 cases of intraductal or intralobular carcinoma. This sample of female patients constituted about 30% of all the women with breast cancer attending our breast cancer clinic during the study period.To serve as comparable and representative controls, 450 (unmatched) women of the same age dist...

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“…In contrast, most Western countries have a high incidence, while the Netherlands is among the highest in the world (Van der Sanden et al, 1995). Differences in breast cancer incidence have been observed in the United States among different ethnic groups (Ziegler et al, 1993;Brinton et al, 1997). Studies of Japanese migrants to Hawaii have shown that breast cancer incidence adjusts to the incidence in the new homeland within one or two generations pointing to life style and environmental factors in aetiology (McPherson et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer risk among first-generation migrants in the Netherlands

et al. 2004

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We investigated breast cancer incidence in migrants in the Netherlands in 1988 -1998. The standardised incidence ratio for breast cancer in Northwest-Netherlands was statistically significantly reduced for women born in Surinam (0.56), Turkey (0.29) and Morocco (0.22). The proportion of women with advanced stages (III and IV) did not differ significantly between migrants and women born in the Netherlands.

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Migration Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk in Asian-American Women

Cited by 961 publications

References 17 publications

Heterogeneity of breast cancer risk within the South Asian female population in England: a population-based case–control study of first-generation migrants

Heterogeneity of breast cancer risk within the South Asian female population in England: a population-based case–control study of first-generation migrants

A case-control study of breast cancer in Taiwan--a low-incidence area

Breast cancer risk among first-generation migrants in the Netherlands

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