Migration of surrogate contaminants in paper and paperboard into water through polyethylene coating layer

Choi, Jong‐Jin; Jitsunari, Fumihiko; Asakawa, Fumiyuki; Park, Hyun Jin; Lee, Dong Sun

doi:10.1080/02652030210151877

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This indicates that the types of substances known to occur in packaging materials can transfer through the gas phase. Other researchers have shown that some primary packaging materials are not barriers to transfer (Choi et al 2002;Anderson and Castle 2003;Song et al 2003). Anderson and Castle, in studies on migration of benzophenone from cartonboard to foodstuffs, noted that there can be transfer to foods even where the foodstuff is packaged in an intervening plastic wrap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Migration of contaminants by gas phase transfer from carton board and corrugated board box secondary packaging into foods

Jickells

Poulin²,

Mountfort

et al. 2005

Food Additives and Contaminants

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The gas phase transfer of substances from carton board (CB) and corrugated box board (CBB) through intervening layers to foods was studied. Substances covering a boiling point range of 252-425 degrees C and a range of polarities were incorporated into CB and CBB secondary packaging. Benzophenone was present in some CB materials. Where it was not already present in CB or CBB secondary packaging, it was deliberately incorporated for transfer studies. Transfer of substances was measured in nine foodstuff types stored in the secondary packaging at ambient and sub-ambient temperature. The foods were packaged in primary packaging materials that would be used in retail. Two food types were packed and stored in both single- and multipack formats. Foods were sampled at 0, 10, 30, 90 and 200 days and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after high-performance size exclusion chromatography clean-up. Percentage transfer was between 0 and 100%. The overall trends were increased transfer of substances with increased storage time; a more rapid transfer of the more volatile substances compared with the less volatile ones and higher levels of transfer of the more volatile substances. No transfer of diheptyl phthalate (DHP) (bp 425 degrees C) as an incorporated substance was detected to any foods over the test period. The presence of an additional layer of packaging (multipack versus single pack) was shown to reduce transfer up to fourfold over 200 days and to increase the lag period for transfer. In terms of slowing transfer, metallized PP/PP laminate proved a more effective barrier than PP which was more effective than paper. It is postulated that there is a cut-off threshold for transfer at ambient and sub-ambient temperatures. Substances that are less volatile than the cut-off are anticipated not to transfer from secondary packaging to foods stored for up to 200 days, where the substances are present in the packaging at or below the levels tested in this study (up to 1 mg dm-2). In this study the volatility cut-off threshold lay between that of 2,2-dimethoxyphenylacetophenone (2,2-DMPAP) (an incorporated substance with bp 352 degrees C) and DHP. Ideally, the cut-off threshold should be expressed in terms of vapour pressure in the packaging material. In practical terms, it may be more appropriate to express as partition coefficient as this is simpler to determine experimentally.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Migration of contaminants by gas phase transfer from carton board and corrugated board box secondary packaging into foods

Jickells

Poulin²,

Mountfort

et al. 2005

Food Additives and Contaminants

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“…Plastic layers may potentially represent an FB; they are low cost, readily available and widely used for controlling permeation of water vapour and oxygen. Laminated or coated with plastic materials, P&B have long been used for contact with liquid or solid with high moisture or free-fat contents; actually, polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) show only poor performance (Choi et al 2002), only polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is considered the most promising polymer as an FB material (Franz 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-based coatings as potential barriers to chemical contaminants from recycled paper and board for food packaging

Guazzotti

Marti

Piergiovanni

et al. 2014

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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Partition and diffusion experiments were carried out with paper and board samples coated with different biopolymers. The aim was to evaluate the physicochemical behaviour and barrier properties of bio-coatings against migration of typical contaminants from recycled paper packaging. Focus was directed towards water-based, renewable biopolymers, such as modified starches (cationic starch and cationic waxy starch), plant and animal proteins (gluten and gelatine), poured onto paper with an automatic applicator. Additionally, a comparison with polyethylene-laminated paper was performed. Microstructural observations of the bio-coated paper allowed the characterisation of samples. From the partitioning studies, considerable differences in the adsorption behaviour of the selected contaminants between bio-coated or uncoated paper and air were highlighted. For both the polar and non-polar compounds considered (benzophenone and diisobutyl phthalate, respectively), the lowest values of partition coefficients were found when paper was bio-coated, making it evident that biopolymers acted as chemical/physical barriers towards these contaminants. These findings are discussed considering the characteristics of the tested biopolymers. Diffusion studies into the solid food simulant poly 2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide, also known as Tenax(®), confirmed that all the tested biopolymers slowed down migration. The Weibull kinetic model was fitted to the experimental data to compare migration from paper and bio-coated paper. Values found for β, an index determining the pattern of curvature, ranged from 1.1 to 1.7 for uncoated and polyethylene paper, whereas for bio-coated papers they ranged from 2.2 to 4.9, corresponding to the presence of an evident lag phase due to barrier properties of the tested bio-coatings.

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“…Some researchers have studied how photoinitiators can reach the foodstuffs and have identified two main routes: 11,12 (a) direct transfer by permeation from the outer printed surface through different layer(s) of packaging, or by offset (transfer of the photoinitiators during storage of the printed material in reels or stacks), 13,14 and (b) indirect transfer by gas phase, for volatile photoinitiators such as benzophenone and derivatives, see Figure 14.1. 15,16 However, it is not only the starting substances that can migrate to the foodstuffs and contaminate them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methods for Determining Photoinitiators in Food-Contact Materials

Lago

Sendón

Quirós

2014

Photocured Materials

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In the last decade, European food safety authorities have detected photoinitiators in foodstuffs and packaging. This has led to consumer concerns about the possible risk that these compounds pose to human health. In this context, scientific research groups have developed many different methods for the determination of photoinitiators in food packaging and foodstuffs. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of all such methods and to recommend the best option for determining photoinitiator molecules. It also includes a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art systems for the determination of nonintentionally added substances (NIAS) derived from the photoinitiators. In addition, the present challenges and suggest approaches for dealing with this important problem are discussed.

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Migration of surrogate contaminants in paper and paperboard into water through polyethylene coating layer

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

Migration of contaminants by gas phase transfer from carton board and corrugated board box secondary packaging into foods

Migration of contaminants by gas phase transfer from carton board and corrugated board box secondary packaging into foods

Bio-based coatings as potential barriers to chemical contaminants from recycled paper and board for food packaging

Analytical Methods for Determining Photoinitiators in Food-Contact Materials

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