Migration of mast cells in the developing rat brain

Lambracht-Hall, M.; Dimitriadou, Violetta; Theoharides, Theoharis C.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(90)90077-c

Cited by 111 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Mast cells are present in the brain, including the neopallium, where their numbers increase during early postnatal development (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Mast cells are derived from the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow.…”

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confidence: 99%

Deleterious Effects of IL-9–Activated Mast Cells and Neuroprotection by Antihistamine Drugs in the Developing Mouse Brain

et al. 2001

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Elevated mean IL-9 serum levels have been observed in human neonates who will later develop cerebral palsy. In earlier studies, using a newborn mouse model of excitotoxic lesions mimicking those described in human cerebral palsy, we found that IL-9 pretreatment exacerbated brain damage produced by intracerebral injections of the glutamatergic analog ibotenate. Among its different cell targets, the Th2 cytokine IL-9 is a mast cell growth and differentiation factor that can cause mast cells to release various substances including histamine. In the present study, we sought to determine whether the deleterious effects of IL-9 in our mouse model were mediated by mast cells through histamine release. All mouse pups were pretreated with intraperitoneal injections of IL-9 or saline between postnatal days (P) P1 and P5. Immunohistochemistry for murine mast cell protease-1 performed on P5 showed an increased density of labeled cells in the neopallium of IL-9 -treated Swiss pups as compared with controls. Western blot analysis confirmed the increased murine mast cell protease-1 brain content of IL-9 -treated Swiss mice. IL-9 pretreatment had no significant effect on ibotenateinduced excitotoxic brain lesions in mast cell-deficient P5 pups (WBB6F1/J kit W/W-v ), whereas IL-9 exacerbated these lesions in the control littermates with normal mast cell populations. Finally, cromoglycate or antihistamine drugs significantly reduced ibotenate-induced brain lesions in IL-9 -treated Swiss pups. Taken together, these data suggest that recruitment of cerebral mast cells with histamine release may contribute to the exacerbation of neonatal excitotoxic brain lesions produced by IL-9. Neuroprotective strategies targeting mast cells may be useful in some neonates at risk for cerebral palsy. (1-7). Recent hypotheses have implicated multiple preconceptional and prenatal factors, such as hypoxiaperfusion failure, genetic factors, growth factor deficiency, and excess production of cytokines. In a striking retrospective study, mean levels of perinatal circulating cytokines-including IL-1␤, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and TNF-␣-were higher in patients with subsequent occurrence of cerebral palsy than in control subjects (8).In that study, although the numbers of included patients were limited, levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1-␤, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-␣) were associated with one another, but no correlation was detected between IL-9 levels and the levels of the other cytokines tested. Although further studies will be necessary to confirm this initial observation, these data could suggest the existence of a subpopulation of cerebral palsy patients characterized by increased levels of circulating IL-9 at birth. A better understanding of the mechanisms bridging IL-9 blood level elevation and brain damage might open up new therapeutic possibilities for preventing cerebral palsy in infants with high circulating IL-9 levels.Intracerebral injection of ibotenate, a glutamate analog, to newborn mice produces histologic lesions mimicking the brain lesions f...

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confidence: 99%

Deleterious Effects of IL-9–Activated Mast Cells and Neuroprotection by Antihistamine Drugs in the Developing Mouse Brain

et al. 2001

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“…In the frog, brain MC number is rather low in the premetamorphic stages, nearly doubles during the metamorphic climax and augments further during the adulthood. In the rat (Dropp, 1976;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990;Michaloudi et al, 2007) and the dove (Zhuang et al, 1999), however, brain MC population increases during development and declines in a pre-adult stage of development. In rodents, it has been described that, during postnatal development, MC migrate from the pia mater into their adult positions in the thalamus (Persinger, 1981;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the rat (Dropp, 1976;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990;Michaloudi et al, 2007) and the dove (Zhuang et al, 1999), however, brain MC population increases during development and declines in a pre-adult stage of development. In rodents, it has been described that, during postnatal development, MC migrate from the pia mater into their adult positions in the thalamus (Persinger, 1981;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990). In the dove, MC first appear in the pia mater appearing subsequently in the telencephalon and simultaneously in the medial habenula where they reach a maximum at peripubertal stage and decline thereafter (Zhuang et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have established that brain MC population is not static in the sense that it is influenced by the developmental, physiological or behavioral status of the animal (Dropp, 1972;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990;Gill and Rissman, 1998;Zhuang et al, 1999;Wilhelm et al, 2000). However, the mechanisms by which the size of MC population in the CNS is regulated are far from settled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the musk shrew, a primitive eutherian mammal, MC are numerous in the brain during postnatal development but only rarely are MC observed in the adult brain (Gill and Rissman, 1998). In the rat brain, during postnatal development, MC migrate from the pia mater into their adult positions in the thalamus (Persinger, 1981;Lambracht-Hall et al, 1990). In the hedgehog brain, MC number increases during hibernation (Flood and Krüger, 1970) whereas in the rat brain, MC number declines in response to physiological stress or handling (Persinger, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mast cell population in the frog brain: distribution and influence of thyroid status

Monteforte

Pinelli

Santillo

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYIn the developing frog brain, the majority of mast cells (MC) are distributed in the pia mater, and some immature MC are located adjacent to the blood capillaries in and around the neuropil. In the adult brain, MC are more numerous than in pre-and prometamorphic tadpoles; they are mainly located within the pia mater and are particularly numerous in the choroid plexuses. Many MC are found within the brain ventricles juxtaposed to the ependymal lining. MC are rarely observed in the brain parenchyma. In the adult brain, MC number is much higher than in the brain of post-metamorphic froglets. In the latter, MC number is nearly 2-fold over that found in the pre-metamorphic brain. Treatment of pre-and pro-metamorphic tadpoles with 3,5,3Ј-triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and thyroxine (T 4 ) stimulates overall larval development but does not induce a significant change in MC population within the brain. By contrast, treatment with 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) delays larval development and leads to a significant numerical increase of brain MC. In the adult, PTU treatment also has a similar effect whereas hypophysectomy causes a drastic decrease of MC population. The negative effects of hypophysectomy are successfully counteracted by a two-week replacement therapy with homologous pars distalis homogenate. In the adult frog, MC population seems to be refractory to thyroid hormone treatment. The present study on frog brain suggests that pituitary-thyroid axis may be involved in the regulation of MC frequency.

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In situ detection of H1-receptor mRNA and absence of apoptosis in the transient histamine system of the embryonic rat brain

et al. 1998

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In the developing brain, histamine is one of the first neurotransmitters to appear. The concentration of histamine in the prenatal brain is fivefold that of adult levels. During the prenatal development a large transiently histamine-immunoreactive cell population distinct from the adult histaminergic system can be found within a subpopulation of the developing serotonergic raphe nuclei neurons. Also histamine-immunoreactive nerve fibers are widely distributed already during the prenatal development extending to the diencephalon, the thalamus, the cortex, and the spinal cord. Large numbers of histamine-containing mast cells also migrate into the brain during the late prenatal life. The wide distribution and high prenatal concentrations imply important functions for the histaminergic system during intrauterine development. However, little is known about the actual functions of histamine during development, and which of the histamine receptors are present in the prenatal rat brain is currently unknown. In the present study, we used in situ hybridization to study the distribution of H1-receptor (H1R) mRNA in the embryonic rat brain and spinal cord. H1R mRNA could be detected in rat brain and in spinal cord on embryonic day (E) 14, and the expression pattern seemed to partially localize in areas containing histamine-immunoreactive nerve fibers through E14-E20. H1R mRNA was also detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction from embryonic brain samples and by Northern hybridization. The possible involvement of apoptosis in the disappearance of the developing transiently histaminergic system was studied by using apoptosis detection based on the terminal dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and with c-Fos immunostaining. Although histamine immunoreactivity disappears dramatically from the developing raphe nuclei after E18, only occasional apoptotic nuclei could be seen in the histamine-immunoreactive cell bodies. The presence of H1R mRNA during the embryonic development renders it possible that histamine could exert an H1R-specific function at the time of the embryonic histamine peak.

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Migration of mast cells in the developing rat brain

Cited by 111 publications

References 37 publications

Deleterious Effects of IL-9–Activated Mast Cells and Neuroprotection by Antihistamine Drugs in the Developing Mouse Brain

Deleterious Effects of IL-9–Activated Mast Cells and Neuroprotection by Antihistamine Drugs in the Developing Mouse Brain

Mast cell population in the frog brain: distribution and influence of thyroid status

In situ detection of H1-receptor mRNA and absence of apoptosis in the transient histamine system of the embryonic rat brain

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