Migration of dorsal aorta mesenchymal stem cells induced by mouse embryonic circulation

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent powerful tools for regenerative medicine for their differentiation and migration capacity. However, ontogeny and migration of MSCs in mammalian mid-gestation conceptus is poorly understood. We identified canonical MSCs in the mouse embryonic day (E) 11.5 dorsal aorta (DA). They possessed homogenous immunophenotype (CD45 2 CD31 2 Flk-1 2 CD44 1 CD29 1 ), expressed perivascular markers (a-SMA 1 NG2 1 PDGFRb 1 PDGFRa 1 ), and had tri-lineage differentiation potential (osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes). Of interest, MSCs were also detected in E12.5-E13.5 embryonic circulation, 24 hr later than in DA, suggesting migration like hematopoietic stem cells. Functionally, E12.5 embryonic blood could trigger efficient migration of DA-MSCs through platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-, transforming growth factor-beta receptor-, but not basic fibroblast growth factor receptor-mediated signaling. Moreover, downstream JNK and AKT signaling pathway played important roles in embryonic blood-or PDGF-mediated migration of DA-derived MSCs. Taken together, these results revealed that clonal MSCs developed in the mouse DA. More importantly, the embryonic circulation, in addition to its conventional transporting roles, could modulate migration of MSC during early embryogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 240:65-74,

Hepatocellular carcinoma-associated mesenchymal stem cells promote hepatocarcinoma progression: Role of the S100A4-miR155-SOCS1-MMP9 axis

“…In the present study we successfully identified LC‐MSCs from HCC tissues. Under appropriate conditions, LC‐MSCs could differentiate into adipose and bone lineages 19. Consistent with previous studies, we found LC‐MSCs significantly promoted tumor formation and enhanced tumor sphere formation 6.…”

Macrophage-Associated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Assume an Activated, Migratory, Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype with Increased IL-6 and CXCL10 Secretion

“…The ERK and p38 signaling pathways have been implicated in the mobilization of MSCs in response to an array of factors including CXCL12 and hepatocyte growth factor[40]–[43]. The JNK signaling pathway has been shown to be involved in the migration of astrocytes [44], tumor cells [45], smooth muscle cells [46], [47], neutrophils [48] and recently in MSC chemotaxis [49], [50]. Our work demonstrates that macrophages induce MSC migration through the production of a constellation of soluble factors.…”

Mesenchymal stem cells from primary breast cancer tissue promote cancer proliferation and enhance mammosphere formation partially via EGF/EGFR/Akt pathway

“…Adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation Adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation were assessed using methods described previously [17]. Briefly, for adipogenic differentiation, BC-MSCs, 4000 cells/cm 2 , were incubated for 2 weeks in high-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (HG-DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS, 10 -6 M dexamethasone, 0.5 lM isobutylmethylxanthine, 5 ng/ml insulin, 60 lM indomethacin, and 10 -4 M hydrocortisone.…”