Migration and Regulation of B‐cells in the Mucosal Immune System*

Phillips‐Quagliata, Julia M.; Roux, M; Arny, M.; Kelly‐Hatfield, Patricia; McWilliams, Michael; Lamm, Michael E.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb26869.x

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It must be stressed, however, that Streptococcus sp., including faecalis, are predominantly recovered from oral surfaces (particularly from the teeth) and are likely to be permanent residents of the murine oral cavity. It is probable that cross-reacting antigens on faecal strains of Streptococcus can bring a particularly good sensitization to these microorganisms through the GALT via the common mucosal immune system (16,18,24). This is an agreement with high IgA-RI's to S. faecalis but the differential reactivity of salivary IgA with other Streptococcus sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Differential Recognition of Oral Indigenous Bacteria by Salivary Immunoglobulins A and G

Deslauriers

Séguin

Trudel

1987

Microbiology and Immunology

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Assuming that salivary immunity to indigenous microorganisms could develop, we assessed antibacterial reactivities of natural salivary antibodies in specific pathogen-free inbred mice. An ELISA was set up, using whole bacterial cells, to map reactivities of salivary IgA and IgG which accounted respectively for 91 % and 8.7% of salivary Ig's in the BALB/c mouse. Representative strains of seven species from three genera (Lactobacilli, Staphylococci, and Streptococci), including major and minor components of the murine oral flora (38, 43, and 8%, respectively), were used to determine the presence and level of specific antibodies in individual saliva. It was verified that naturally occurring IgA antibodies can display diverse antibacterial reactivities. A characteristic profile emerged for salivary IgA where antibodies to Streptococcus faecalis predominate. Natural salivary IgG antibodies did not show the same reactivity pattern as IgA, anti-Lactobacilli and anti-Staphylococci reactivities being much less frequent in the salivary IgG repertoire. However, antibodies to S. faecalis occurred at the same high frequency for both isotypes (62-70% of the samples). Besides being species-specific, antibacterial reactivities were also found to be strain-specific. Broad variations in antibacterial titers were detected among individual mice under standardized experimental conditions. Present data thus suggest that the dynamics of salivary antibody production in the mouse reflect a differential natural sensitization of the secretory (IgA) versus the systemic (IgG) immune systems by distinct populations of indigenous bacteria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Differential Recognition of Oral Indigenous Bacteria by Salivary Immunoglobulins A and G

Deslauriers

Séguin

Trudel

1987

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The IgA ϩ B cells induced in the Peyer's patches circulate through the mesenteric lymphatic nodes to enter into the blood via the thoracic duct and return to the intestinal mucosa, repopulating distant mucosal sites, such as the bronchus. Similar recirculation also occurs with intestinal T cells (70). Some probiotic microorganisms are also able to increase the IgA cycle, and this effect is dose dependent (15,67).…”

Section: What Are the Immune Mechanisms Induced By Probiotic Bacteria?mentioning

confidence: 74%

Proposed Model: Mechanisms of Immunomodulation Induced by Probiotic Bacteria

Galdeano

LeBlanc

Vinderola³

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

285

194

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“…Extravasation of the immune cells occurs not only in the gut lamina propria but also in other mucosal sites such as the respiratory, urogenital or mammary tissues or salivary glands. This migration is known as the IgA cycle (23). A common mucosal immune system exists whereby immune cells stimulated in one mucosal tissue can spread and relocate to various mucosal sites (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distal Mucosal Site Stimulation by Kefir and Duration of the Immune Response

et al. 2005

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Kefir is a fermented milk (drink) produced by the action of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and acetic acid bacteria. We recently reported a comparative study on the effect of kefir containing viable or non-viable bacteria by studying their modulatory activity on the intestinal immune response. A functional dose was established in a murine model and the pattern of regulatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced was also studied. The existence of a common mucosal immune system implies that the immune cells stimulated in one mucosal tissue can spread and relocate through various mucosal sites. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of an oral administration of kefir on the duration of the intestinal mucosa immune response and the modulatory activity in distal mucosal sites, specifically in the peritoneal and pulmonary macrophages and in the bronchial tissue. BALB/c mice were fed with kefir or pasteurized kefir at doses previously determined as functional for intestinal mucosa immunomodulation. Kefir feeding was stopped and the number of IgA, IgG, IL-4, IL-6, IL-IO, IIFNyand TNFa producing cells was determined in the lamina propria of small intestine immediately, and after 2 and 7 days of kefir withdrawal. IgA producing cells were also measured in the bronchial tissue of lungs immediately and 2 and 7 days after kefir withdrawal. Phagocytic activity of peritoneal and pulmonary macrophages was also determined. The oral administration of kefir or pasteurized keflr increased the number of IgA+ cells not only in the gut lamina propria, but also in the bronchial tissue, supporting the concept of local antibody secretion after remote-site stimulation in the intestinal tract. Both peritoneal and pulmonary macrophages were activated by kefir or pasteurized kefir feeding. Peritoneal macrophages were stimulated faster than pulmonary macrophages (for kefir), The enhanced phagocytic activity achieved by kefir or pasteurized kefir lasted longer for the peritoneal than for the pulmonary macrophages. Due to the increased bronchial IgA and phagocytic activity of pulmonary macrophages after kefir feeding observed in this study, the oral administration of kefir could act as a natural adjuvant for enhancing the specific immune response against respiratory pathogens. The parameters studied returned to control values within a week of cessation of kefir administration. This would suggest that there is a low risk of overstimulating the gut mucosal immune system during periodic consumption of kefir.The oral administration of fermented dairy products has been shown to strengthen the nonspecific immune response or to act as an adjuvant in the antigen-specific immune response (1-2), mainly in the intestinal environment. Fermented milk administered to mice resulted in

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Migration and Regulation of B‐cells in the Mucosal Immune System*

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

Differential Recognition of Oral Indigenous Bacteria by Salivary Immunoglobulins A and G

Differential Recognition of Oral Indigenous Bacteria by Salivary Immunoglobulins A and G

Proposed Model: Mechanisms of Immunomodulation Induced by Probiotic Bacteria

Distal Mucosal Site Stimulation by Kefir and Duration of the Immune Response

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