Migration and Proliferation of Primordial Germ Cells in the Early Chicken Embryo

Nakamura, Yatsuka; Yamamoto, Yasuhiro; Usui, Fumitake; Mushika, Tomoki; Ono, Tamao; Setioko, A.R.; Takeda, Kumiko; Nirasawa, Keijiro; Kono, Hiroshi; Tagami, Takahiro

doi:10.1093/ps/86.10.2182

Cited by 133 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In this study, we examined the relationship between the expression pattern of cNSG1 and the time-and duration-dependent events of PGC origin, differentiation, and germ-line development in male and female chickens to elucidate the functional relevance of NSG1 expression in neurons and germ cells. In chickens, the time-and durationdependent events of germ-line development were well determined (Ginsburg and Eyal-Giladi, 1986;Tsunekawa et al, 2000;Froman et al, 2000;Kirby and Froman, 2000;Aramaki et al, 2007;Nakamura et al, 2007;Gonzá lez-Morá n, 2007). The physiological and functional events during germ-line development in birds are essentially similar to those in mammals (Jones and Lin, 1993;Thurston and Korn, 2000), and are thought to be controlled by several brain-derived factors and the genes/proteins expressed in two apparently unrelated cell types such as neurons and germ cells (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of neuron-specific gene family member 1 in brain and germ cells: Implications for the regulation of germ-line development by brain

et al. 2011

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Vesicular acidification at early endosomes dissociates endocytosed receptor-ligand complexes. The ligands, receptors, or both are then directed to late endosomes for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane. Of neuron-specific gene (NSG) family members, early endosomal protein neuron-specific gene family member 1 (NSG1) is the most important in receptor recycling. In this study, we characterized chicken NSG1 (cNSG1). We found several functional sites related to endocytotic machinery in cNSG1 that were highly conserved with most other vertebrate NSG1 proteins. We examined the tissue and duration specificity and the temporal and spatial patterns of cNSG1 expression. cNSG1 expression was preferentially located in all regions of the brain, neuroendocrine glands, and spinal cord. Unexpectedly, cNSG1 expression was strongly detected during male and female germ-line development. Expression of NSG1 in two apparently unrelated cell types such as neurons and germ cells suggests NSG1 roles in neurons and germ-cells chemotaxis and endocytotic machinery. Developmental Dynamics 240:850-861,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of neuron-specific gene family member 1 in brain and germ cells: Implications for the regulation of germ-line development by brain

et al. 2011

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“…Avian PGCs originate in the epiblast and migrate into the germinal ridges via the bloodstream and through the gut and dorsal mesentery (39,40). In situ hybridization at stage 20 HH to detect vasa transcripts in PGCs en route to the gonads do not show differences in either control embryos or in those with ectopic pitx2c expression (n ϭ 52, 97%; Fig.…”

Section: Subcellular Asymmetries Of the Left Versus Right Female Chicmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pitx2 regulates gonad morphogenesis

Rodríguez-León

Esteban

Martí

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Organ shape and size, and, ultimately, organ function, relate in part to the cell and tissue spatial arrangement that takes place during embryonic development. Despite great advances in the genetic regulatory networks responsible for tissue and organ development, it is not yet clearly understood how specific gene functions are linked to the specific morphogenetic processes underlying the internal organ asymmetries found in vertebrate animals. During female chick embryogenesis, and in contrast to males where both testes develop symmetrically, asymmetrical gonad morphogenesis results in only one functional ovary. The disposition of paired organs along the left-right body axis has been shown to be regulated by the activity of the homeobox containing gene pitx2. We have found that pitx2 regulates cell adhesion, affinity, and cell recognition events in the developing gonad primordium epithelia. This in turn not only allows for proper somatic development of the gonad cortex but also permits the proliferation and differentiation of primordial germ cells. We illustrate how Pitx2 activity directs asymmetrical gonad morphogenesis by controlling mitotic spindle orientation of the developing gonad cortex and how, by modulating cyclinD1 expression during asymmetric ovarian development, Pitx2 appears to control gonad organ size. All together our observations indicate that the effects elicited by Pitx2 during the development of the female chick ovary are critical for cell topology, growth, fate, and ultimately organ morphogenesis and function.cyclin D1 ͉ left-right asymmetry ͉ chick ovary development ͉ mitotic orientation ͉ primordial germ cell D espite the initial bilateral symmetry of the vertebrate body plan, internal organs, such as the heart, stomach, and intestines, all have a characteristic asymmetric structure and are asymmetrically positioned in the body cavity. The acquisition of proper left-right asymmetries is achieved in a highly conserved manner during embryo development. Since the seminal work more than a decade ago that identified a functional link between asymmetrical gene expression and organ asymmetry (1), our understanding of the molecular and cellular events involved in the establishment of left-right asymmetry in vertebrates has increased enormously. This is indeed the case in the initial establishment of left-right asymmetrical differences that occur during gastrulation as well as during the immediately subsequent stages of embryo development when the local asymmetrical cues in and around the node are deployed to broader domains of gene expression in the lateral plate mesoderm. Once side-specific gene expression domains are established and stabilized in the lateral plate mesoderm, left-right information is transferred to the organ primordial, where left and right side-specific morphogenetic programs are executed (reviewed in refs. 2-6).The identification of several genes that display side-specific patterns of expression within the developing organs has provided an entry point for understanding the molecu...

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“…The injections were very shallow and were concentrated in the center of the embryo (Fig. 1B), which is where primordial germ cells are located in chicken (41,42). 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic songbirds offer an opportunity to develop a genetic model for vocal learning

Agate

Scott

Haripal

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Migration and Proliferation of Primordial Germ Cells in the Early Chicken Embryo

Cited by 133 publications

References 39 publications

The distribution of neuron-specific gene family member 1 in brain and germ cells: Implications for the regulation of germ-line development by brain

The distribution of neuron-specific gene family member 1 in brain and germ cells: Implications for the regulation of germ-line development by brain

Pitx2 regulates gonad morphogenesis

Transgenic songbirds offer an opportunity to develop a genetic model for vocal learning

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