Migration and nutritional status of <scp>T</scp>arahumara schoolchildren from <scp>C</scp>hihuahua <scp>S</scp>tate (<scp>M</scp>éxico)

Benítez-Hernández, Zuliana Paola; Torre-Díaz, M.; Cervantes-Borunda, M.; Hernández-Torres, Rosa Patricia; Cabañas, María Dolores; López‐Ejeda, Noemí; Marrodán, María Dolores

doi:10.1002/ajhb.22927

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In previous research on schoolchildren performed by Balcázar, Pasquet, and De Garine (), increased obesogenic changes related to diet and physical activity patterns were observed in Tarahumara who migrated to urbanized places. Similar results of adiposity increases in urban places in Tarahumara children were observed by Benítez‐Hernández et al (). According to these observations, Monarrez‐Espino et al () referred to a higher prevalence of overweight Tarahumara children and female adolescents from urbanized areas (Monarrez‐Espino & Grainer, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Tarahumara and Mestizo Adolescents from Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico

Rivera‐Morales

Sotuyo

Vargas-Guadarrama

et al. 2020

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: Our purpose was to explore the levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and the relationship between CRF, physical activity, and other physical traits in traditional and nontraditional Tarahumara, and Mestizo adolescents from Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico. Methods: A sample of 87 adolescents aged 16.9 ± 1.2 years (mean ± SD) performed the Margaria step test to quantify CRF. Physical activity was estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric measures were taken to estimate body composition and other physical characteristics. Results: Traditional Tarahumara showed higher levels of CRF than nontraditional Tarahumara and Mestizo adolescents (F = 5.5, p = .006). The time allotted to sedentary activities was higher in the Mestizo and nontraditional Tarahumara (χ 2 = 10.17, p = .006). In nontraditional Tarahumara, adiposity was associated with CRF reduction (r 2 = −.63, p = .00), while vigorous physical activities were positively associated with CRF (r 2 = .43, p = .03) and negatively associated with the z-score of body fat (r 2 = −.42 p = .03). Finally, CRF was negatively associated with fat percentage (r 2 = −.27, p = .00) and systolic blood pressure (r 2 = −.09, p = .04) in the Mestizo. In this group, walking activities (r 2 = −.25, p = .003) and total physical activity score (r 2 = −.11, p = .03) had a positive association with the CRF, while moderate activities had a negative association with the body mass index (r 2 = .09, p = .04), and vigorous activities were negatively associated with body weight (r 2 = .11, p = .03). Conclusions: In the sampled nontraditional Tarahumara and Mestizo adolescents, moderate and vigorous physical activities were important factors in determining levels in CRF, fat percentage, and other health parameters. 1 | INTRODUCTION The Raramuri, best known as Tarahumara, are an indigenous people of North America that share the southwest territory of Chihuahua in Mexico's western Sierra Madre, called "Sierra Tarahumara," with other native groups such as the Pima, the Guarijio, and the Tepehuan (Gotés

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Tarahumara and Mestizo Adolescents from Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico

Rivera‐Morales

Sotuyo

Vargas-Guadarrama

et al. 2020

American J Hum Biol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies from India, Mexico and Tanzania which explored the impact of migration on child growth in low-or middle-income countries, found that children born to internal (within-country) migrant mothers may have different nutritional outcomes than their non-migrant counterparts [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Notably, children of rural-urban migrant women tended to have a lower risk of undernutrition and a higher risk of overweight compared to the children of rural non-migrant women but the opposite when compared to children of urban nonmigrant women [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Research into the impact of internal migration on children found that children who migrated with their parents (as opposed to children born after maternal migration) had lower survival [27]; however, it is unclear if this pattern may also be the case for other health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal internal migration and child growth and nutritional health in Peru: an analysis of the demographic and health surveys from 1991 to 2017

et al. 2022

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Background Peru has historically experienced high rural-to-urban migration. Despite large reductions in undernutrition, overweight is increasing. Elsewhere, internal migration has been associated with differences in children’s growth and nutritional health. We investigated how child growth and nutritional status in Peru varied over time and in association with maternal internal migration. Methods Using data from Demographic & Health Surveys from 1991 to 2017, we assessed trends in child growth (height-for-age [HAZ], weight-for-age [WAZ], weight-for-height [WHZ] z scores) and nutritional health (stunting, underweight, overweight) by maternal adult internal migration (urban [UNM] or rural non-migrant [RNM], or urban-urban [UUM], rural-urban [RUM], rural-rural [RRM], or urban-rural migrant [URM]). Using 2017 data, we ran regression analyses, adjusting for confounders, to investigate associations of maternal migration with child outcomes and the maternal and child double burden of malnutrition. We further stratified by timing of migration, child timing of birth and, for urban residents, type of area of residence. Results are given as adjusted predictive margins (mean z score or %) and associated regression p-values [p]. Results In 1991–2017, child growth improved, and undernutrition decreased, but large differences by maternal migration persisted. In 2017, within urban areas, being the child of a migrant woman was associated with lower WHZ (UUM = 0.6/RUM = 0.5 vs UNM = 0.7; p = 0.009 and p < 0.001 respectively) and overweight prevalence ((RUM 7% vs UNM = 11% [p = 0.002]). Results however varied both by child timing of birth (birth after migration meant greater overweight prevalence) and type of area of residence (better linear growth in children of migrants [vs non-migrants] in capital/large cities and towns but not small cities). In rural areas, compared to RNM, children of URM had higher HAZ (− 1.0 vs − 1.2; p < 0.001) and WAZ (− 0.3 vs − 0.4; p = 0.001) and lower stunting (14% vs 21%; [p < 0.001]). There were no differences by timing of birth in rural children, nor by time since migration across all children. The mother and child double burden of malnutrition was higher in rural than urban areas but no differences were found by maternal internal migration. Conclusions Migration creates a unique profile of child nutritional health that is not explained by maternal ethnic and early life factors, but which varies depending on the pathway of migration, the child timing of birth in relation to migration and, for urban dwellers, the size of the place of destination. Interventions to improve child nutritional health should take into consideration maternal health and migration history.

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Toolkit article: Approaches to measuring social inequities in health in human biology research

Thayer

Uwizeye

McKerracher

2022

American J Hum Biol

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Across populations, human morbidity and mortality risks generally follow clear gradients, with socially‐disadvantaged individuals and groups tending to have higher morbidity and mortality at all life stages relative to those more socially advantaged. Anthropologists specialize in understanding the proximate and ultimate factors that shape variation in human biological functioning and health and are therefore well‐situated to explore the relationships between social position and health in diverse ecological and cultural contexts. While human biologists have developed sophisticated methods for assessing health using minimally‐invasive methods, at a disciplinary level, we have room for conceptual and methodological improvement in how we frame, measure, and analyze the social inequities that might shape health inequities. This toolkit paper elaborates on some steps human biologists should take to enhance the quality of our research on health inequities. Specifically, we address: (1) how to frame unequal health outcomes (i.e., inequalities vs. disparities vs. inequities) and the importance of identifying our conceptual models of how these inequities emerge; (2) how to measure various axes of social inequities across diverse cultural contexts, and (3) approaches to community collaboration and dissemination. We end by discussing (4) future directions in human biology research of health inequities, including understanding the ultimate causes of sensitivity to social inequities and transitioning from research to action.

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Migration and nutritional status of Tarahumara schoolchildren from Chihuahua State (México)

Abstract: Migration reduces stunting and increases adiposity.

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Tarahumara and Mestizo Adolescents from Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico

Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Tarahumara and Mestizo Adolescents from Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico

Maternal internal migration and child growth and nutritional health in Peru: an analysis of the demographic and health surveys from 1991 to 2017

Toolkit article: Approaches to measuring social inequities in health in human biology research

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