Migrant Values and Beliefs: How Are They Different and How Do They Change?

Emigrants' ideologies and partisan attitudes may diverge from other voters': overseas voters are ideologically self-selected, receive distinctive information about campaigns and have experiences abroad that are likely to shape their political views. Parties, anticipating these emigrant attitudes, can manipulate overseas voting availability to give the vote primarily to their own supporters. Alternatively, parties may expect newly enfranchised voters to provide electoral support in gratitude for the right to vote. To distinguish these separate processes, this project undertakes a case study of Turkey to trace a ruling party's strategic expectations as it makes overseas-enfranchisement decisions. To see how generalisable these results are, the study further extends to a statistical analysis of differences in vote choice between voters at home and abroad across all 23 European countries that report overseas votes separately, using an original dataset encompassing 121 elections. Both the case study and the statistical analysis suggest that emigrant-enfranchising parties tend to garner overseas voters' support in a lasting way. This suggests that overseas enfranchisement most often appears to involve incumbent parties (correctly) expecting long-term ideological compatibility with their overseas nationals, not simply exchanging the franchise for short-term, transactional support.

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“…For example, voluntary emigrants’ typical personality is unusually open to new experiences and focused on self‐advancement (Williams et al. ).…”

Section: Parties As Strategic Predictors Of Overseas Voting Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

European ruling parties’ electoral strategies and overseas enfranchisement policies

Turcu

Urbatsch

2019

European J Political Res

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“…Also, some attitudes and values may be more robust than others. Williams, Thornton, and Young-DeMarco (2014) therefore add to the picture when they highlight how cultural adaptation can vary according to different life domains. Based on two surveys (2008,2009) comparing male Nepalese migrants to the Persian Gulf with non-migrants from the same villages in Nepal, they found that while migrants gradually developed some attitudes that were different from those among non-migrants, other attitudes and priorities remained the same.…”

Section: Migration and Cultural Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ideally, we would have panel data following individual migrants over longer periods, measuring attitudes among the same migrants at different points in time. And as migrants might develop values and attitudes that those who remained in the country or origin do not possess (Williams, Thornton, and Young-DeMarco 2014) the first stage of interviews would preferably commence before migration. Unfortunately, such data is hard to come by.…”

Section: Data and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are therefore forced to make the assumption that the variable 'years of residence in host country' can substitute for observing the same individuals at different points in time. This entails the premise that immigrants who arrived at different points in time are not substantially different when it comes to qualities that we are unable to control for in the multivariate analysis (see for example Williams, Thornton, and Young-DeMarco 2014;Thornton 2001 for examples and discussion). Whether or not this is a reasonable assumption to make should be explored in further studies.…”

Section: Data and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adapting to the Dual Earner Family Norm? The Case of Immigrants and Immigrant Descendants in Norway

Kavli¹

2014

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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How immigrants and their descendants adapt to the dual earner family model of Scandinavian welfare states is a topic of considerable interest. While earlier studies have addressed this issue in terms of economic integration, expanding our understanding of how cultural adaptation underpins these processes is vital. This study aims to identify patterns and dynamics shaping attitudes towards mothers' employment in Norway. The analysis draws on a survey including immigrants from Pakistan, Iran, Iraq and Vietnam, as well as descendants of Pakistani immigrants and a Norwegian control group. Survey data are linked with public register data. The analysis suggests both cultural persistence and adaptation; among immigrants, country of origin is a strong predictor of attitudes, whereas years of residence in the host country is of limited importance. While I find little evidence of a gradual process of adaptation over time, the analysis shows that both economic and linguistic integration is related to more positive attitudes to mothers' employment. Pakistani descendants express stronger support for mothers' employment than immigrants from Pakistan. Although Pakistani descendants are still less supportive of mothers' employment compared to the Norwegian control group, this suggest a significant degree of adaptation from one generation to the next.

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“…Williams et al (2014) compare Nepali migrants living in the Gulf to nonmigrants in Nepal and find that migrants are more materialistic, although they are unable to determine causality. Osili and Paulson (2008a, b) document that immigrants to the United States from countries with more developed financial systems are more likely to own stock and use bank accounts, suggesting that home country institutional environment shapes trust and beliefs in the financial system.…”

Section: Existing Evidence and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Term Impact of International Migration on Economic Decision-Making: Evidence from a Migration Lottery and Lab-in-the-Field Experiments

Gibson¹,

McKenzie²,

Rohorua³

et al. 2016

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents inIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. We study how migration from a poor to a rich country affects key economic beliefs, preference parameters, and transnational household decision-making efficiency. Our setting is the migration of Tongans to New Zealand through a migration lottery program. In a tenyear follow-up survey of individuals applying for this program we elicit risk and time preferences and pro-market beliefs. We also link migrants and potential migrants to a partner household consisting of family members who would stay behind if they moved. We play labin-the-field games designed to measure the degree of intra-family trust and the efficiency of intra-family decision-making. Migration provides a large and permanent positive shock to income, a large change in economic institutions, and a reduction in interactions with partner household members. Despite these changes, we find no significant impacts of migration on risk and time preferences, pro-market beliefs, or in the decision-making efficiency of transnational households. This stability in the face of such a large and life-changing event lends credence to economic models of migration that treat these determinants of decisionmaking as time-invariant, and contrasts with recent evidence on preference changes after negative shocks.JEL Classification: O12, F22, D13, D81, P1

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Migrant Values and Beliefs: How Are They Different and How Do They Change?

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

European ruling parties’ electoral strategies and overseas enfranchisement policies

European ruling parties’ electoral strategies and overseas enfranchisement policies

Adapting to the Dual Earner Family Norm? The Case of Immigrants and Immigrant Descendants in Norway

The Long-Term Impact of International Migration on Economic Decision-Making: Evidence from a Migration Lottery and Lab-in-the-Field Experiments

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