Migrant Health Policy: History, Analysis, and Challenge

Abstract

Migrant agricultural workers are a vital and often overlooked population whose health can affect that of U.S. inhabitants in general. The nature of the farm worker population, however, places this group at a disadvantage in formation of policy to promote its interests. Following World War II, government agency “infighting” prevented the emergence of a coherent policy for farm worker health. Improvements were made during the socially active 1960s, but these have been eroded as immigrants are increasingly distrusted in U.S. society. This article briefly traces the history of migrant farm worker health policy in the United States, applies a model for policy analysis, reviews farm worker health policy research, and proposes a plan of action to advance health policy for this population.

Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Bebeği Yatmakta Olan Göçmen Bir Annenin Yoğun Bakım Deneyimi : Olgu Sunumu

“…Liamputtong ve Naksook'un (35) çalışmasında Avustralya'da yaşayan Taylandlı kadınların sosyal hayattan izole oldukları ve çocuk yetiştirirken öz kültürlerini korumak ve yaşamak konusunda endişe duydukları belirlenmiştir. Yine Avusturalya'da yapılmış bir çalışmada ise, göçmen kadınlar, ailelerinin ya da ortak kültüre sahip olduğu insanların olamadığı bir toplumda ebeveyn olmanın oldukça zor olduğunu ve sosyal destek ihtiyacı hissettikleri belirtilmiştir (11).…”

“…Kadınların göç stresine verdikleri tepki erkeklerden farklıdır (10). Göçmen kadın için ait olduğu toplumdan ayrılıp yeni bir hayata başlamak güçlüklerle dolu bir süreci beraberinde getirebilir (11). Birçok kadın göç ettiği yerde yaşadığı yalnızlıkla tek başına mücadele etmekte, insanlarla iletişime geçememekte ve en önemlisi psikolojik destek alamamaktadır (12).…”

Demand estimation of mass‐gathering healthcare in developing countries: The case of Kumbh Mela in India

“…The literature on MGH demand touches on demographic factors such as total population (Balsari et al, 2016; Milsten et al, 2002; Smith et al, 2010), and population density (Ward, 2003). Therefore, cities and towns with relatively high population around a mass‐gathering location are often associated with higher incidences of diseases related to the mass‐gatherings.…”

Immigrant Workers in the United States : Recent Trends, Vulnerable Populations, and Challenges for Occupational Health

“…One provision in particular, the special agricultural worker legalization program, permitted undocumented farm workers who could provide evidence of at least 90 days of farm work in the preceding year to petition for legal residency (Runyan, 1992). More than 1 million applications were received, thus tripling the number of legalizations performed in a single year (Ward, 2003). Another recent law that has had dramatic effects on the lives of U.S. immigrants is the Personal Responsibility and Work Oppor-tunity Reconciliation Act of 1996.…”

“…This growing segment of the U.S work force has poor living and working conditions (Bossley, 1975;Wu et aI.,1997), limitedeconomic andpolitical resources (Bechtel, 1995), and less knowledge of healthcare services (Dolman, Shackleton, Ziaian, Gay, & Yeboah, 1996)than non-immigrants. Any approach to improving the occupational health of immigrants must include social determinants of health, suchas housing, transportation, sanitation, watersupply, and education (Ward, 2003).…”