Migraine pharmacology and brain ischemia

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this review article was to analyze in details the mechanism of drugs’ effects in the treatment and prevention of a migraine attack, as well as to discuss the hypotheses of migraine pathogenesis. Migraine attack treatment agents: The main agents for migraine attack treatment have an anti-nociceptive activity. Agents for migraine preventive treatment: β-blocker propranolol also has anti-serotonin and analgesic activities, and most drugs used for the prophylactic treatment of migraine have a vasodilating activity. Vascular hypothesis of migraine pathogenesis: Despite numerous studies that have expanded our understanding of migraine pathogenesis, the importance of the vascular component in the pathogenesis of this disease has not questioned yet. Neurogenic hypotheses of cortical spreading depression: It is necessary to take into account the points of this hypothesis in the context of the pathophysiology of migraine. Neurochemical serotonin hypotheses of migraine pathogenesis: Serotonin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of migraine. Trigemino-vascular hypotheses of migraine pathogenesis: The trigemino-vascular hypothesis claims to solve the problem of migraine pain. Migraine and ischemic brain damage: Migraine is a risk factor for ischemic stroke and cognitive disorders. Search for the new anti-ischemic anti-migraine preparations: A methodology for the search for new anti-ischemic anti-serotonin drugs for the treatment of migraine is proposed. Conclusion: Belonging of a drug to one or another pharmacological group does not always correspond to its therapeutic effect on the pathogenetic processes of migraine. Migraine with its variety of forms cannot fit only one of the proposed hypotheses on the pathogenesis of this disease. Graphical abstract:

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Monoclonal Antibodies in Preventing Migraines: A Systematic Review

“…These medications have been shown to be successful in lowering the frequency and intensity of migraine episodes and enhancing the quality of life for migraine sufferers [ 21 , 22 ]. Despite these limitations, the use of CGRP mAbs represents a significant advancement in the field of migraine treatment and offers new hope for individuals with this debilitating condition [ 23 - 25 ]. This study sought to identify and assess the quality of existing systematic reviews about the effectiveness of CGRP antibodies for preventing migraines, as well as systematically review and synthesize the evidence on these topics.…”