“…In addition, the substorm‐related shielding electric field could also influence the zonal electric field (Ebihara & Tanaka, ; Jin et al, ). Moreover, several studies have found that under favorable storm time PPEF/PRE conditions, the EPBs can rise to higher altitude with plasma depletion extending along the magnetic field lines to midlatitude regions (e.g., Foster & Rich, ; Kelley et al, ; Ma & Maruyama, ; Mendillo et al, ), while in some extreme cases, the depletion signatures can even be measured around 40° magnetic latitude (MLAT; e.g., Aa et al, ; Cherniak & Zakharenkova, ; Katamzi‐Joseph et al, ; Martinis et al, ). Hence, the storm time morphology of midlatitude ionosphere can be influenced by disturbances initiated from both auroral and equatorial regions.…”