Midlatency auditory evoked potentials as indicators of perceptual processing during general anaesthesia

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that midlatency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) can predict the occurrence of long latency AEP components (LLAEP), which are taken as evidence for perceptual processing. Forty-one patients undergoing cardiac surgery were anaesthetized with propofol and alfentanil. During several periods of surgery we recorded LLAEP. Peak-to-peak amplitude measures were used to determine if a particular LLAEP recording trace contained a recognizable waveform. Both before and after each LLAEP recording epoch, MLAEP and the spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded. Peak latencies and amplitudes of brainstem peak V and midlatency peaks Na, Pa, Nb, Pb and Nc, characteristic frequencies from the spontaneous EEG, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and nasopharyngeal temperature (7) were compared between recording epochs with and without clear LLAEP waveforms. These variables were also used in a discriminant analysis to predict the occurrence of an LLAEP waveform. Pa and Nb latencies were significantly shorter both before and after recording epochs in which an LLAEP waveform occurred, compared with epochs in which no LLAEP waveform occurred. Using a combination of up to six EEG, MLAEP, MAP and T measures, it was possible to predict the occurrence or absence of an LLAEP waveform with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 86%. We conclude that MLAEP components provide information on the possibility of perceptual processing during general anaesthesia, and thus may be relevant for monitoring depth of anaesthesia.

Effects of different propofol infusion rates on EEG activity and AEP responses in rats

“…, 1998), propofol/spinal anaesthesia (Davies et al. , 1996) and propofol/alfentanil (de Beer et al. , 1996).…”

Recent advance in patient monitoring

“…The middle-latency auditory evoked potential (MLAEP), extracted from the EEG 10-100 ms after an auditory signal, represents the earliest cortical response to the acoustic stimulus. Amplitudes and latencies of the MLAEP are influenced by anesthetics and surgical stimuli and are therefore believed to be useful for measuring depth of anesthesia [16,17]. This is the only one EEG index developed to show the depth of anesthesia using the evoked potentials.…”

Anesthesia and the Electrophysiology of Auditory Consciousness

“…Both N1 and P3 waves of the auditory evoked potential are abolished by general anesthesia deBeer, van Hoof, Brunia, Cluitmans, Korsten, & Beneken, 1996). Furthermore, Plourde and Picton found that before and during induction of anesthesia, when patients were asked to press a button on hearing a certain sound, detected sounds (hits) evoked N1 and P3 waves, while undetected sounds (misses) evoked no recognizable waves.…”