Middle Triassic conodonts from northeastern Spain: biostratigraphic implications

Abstract

The facies development of the Spanish Triassic corresponds to the typical three‐fold subdivision of the Germanic Facies: Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk and Keuper. Two intervals interpreted as epeiric carbonate platforms: lower Muschelkalk (Anisian) and upper Muschelkalk (Ladinian) are recognized during the Middle Triassic of northeastern Spain. These carbonate intervals are separated by one siliciclastic/evaporitic interval interpreted as sabbkha and saline deposits: middle Muschelkalk facies (Lower Ladinian). In northeastern Spain (Catalonian Coastal Ranges), two Middle Triassic sections comprising lower Muschelkalk facies have yielded the following conodont taxa: Paragondolella bulgarica, P. hanbulogi, P. bifurcata, Neogondolella constricta, N. cornuta, N. excentrica and N. basisymmetrica. The conodont sequence allows recognition of the P. bulgarica and N. constricta zones. These results indicate a middle–upper Pelsonian to upper Illyrian age (middle–upper Anisian), and represent the first conodont‐chronostratigraphic approximation for the lower Muschelkalk facies of the western part of the Sephardic Province of the Triassic Tethys Realm.

First xiphosuran traceway in the middle Muschelkalk facies (Middle Triassic) of the Catalan Basin (NE Iberian Peninsula)

“…This is the reason why the continental environments dominated in the Catalan Basin (but not in other Iberian basins), and the upper Anisian and lower Ladinian are characterised by the predominance of distal alluvial, coastal and shallow marine successions (Escudero-Mozo et al, 2015;Ortí et al, 2018). Herein, the studied outcrop corresponds to the middle Muschekalk facies, dated as late Anisian-middle Ladinian based on palynological and biostratigraphic analysis (Solé de Porta et al, 1987;Márquez-Aliaga et al, 2000;Mujal et al, 2015Mujal et al, , 2018b.…”

A database of Triassic conodonts from a comprehensive revision of literature

“…For the Middle Triassic species: Balini et al (2000), Benjamini et al (2005), Brack & Nicora (1998), Brack et al (2005), Budurov & Stefanov (1973), Budurov & Sudar (1988), Buser et al (2007), Chen & Wang (2002), Gullo & Kozur (1989), Hirsch (1994), Hornung et al (2007), Ishida et al (2006), Koike (1999), Kovács (1994), Kovács & Kozur (1980), Kozur (2003), Kozur et al (1994), Márquez-Aliaga et al (2000), Mastandrea et al (1997), Mietto & Petroni (1980), Mietto et al (2007), Muttoni et al (2000Muttoni et al ( , 2004, Nakazawa et al (1994), Nakrem et al (2008), Narkiewicz (1999), Narkiewicz & Szulc (2004) Plasencia et al (2007), Rigo et al (2007), Sun et al (2006) and Vrielynck (1984).…”

Paleoenvironmental reconstruction for termination stage of Superanoxia in Middle Triassic (Anisian) sedimentary sequence of the Mino belt, central Japan

“…The section yielded the conodont Paragondolella bulgarica Budurov & Stefanov (Mizutani & Koike, ) which indicates the Bithynian to Illyrian substage of the Anisian (e.g. Y. Chen, Krystyn, Orchard, Lai, & Richoz, ; Kozur, ; Márquez‐Aliaga, Valenzuela‐Rios, Calvet, & Budurov, ). It should also be noted that the first occurrence of P. bulgarica from the Middle Triassic bedded chert sequence in the Inuyama area is in the lower gray and black chert unit from the study section.…”