Middle to Late Holocene (6,500 Yr. Period) Paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from Stable Isotopic Composition of Speleothems from Soreq Cave, Israel

Bar‐Matthews, M.; Ayalon, Avner; Kaufman, Aaron

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3659-6_9

Cited by 115 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Thus, the 7500-7000 cal yr BP event may have been driven by a combination of orbital forcing and change in solar activity. Finally, the rise event dated to 5850-5300 cal yr BP at Lake Ledro coincided (Magny et al, 2011a), Lake Ledro (this study), Lake Accesa (Magny et al, 2007), Lago Preola (Magny et al, 2011b), Soreq cave (Bar-Matthews et al, 1998) and Lake Yoa (Kröpelin et al, 2008). Note the opposite palaeohydrological signals provided by sites north and south of latitude ca.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Holocene palaeohydrological changes in the northern Mediterranean borderlands as reflected by the lake-level record of lake ledro, northeastern Italy

et al. 2012

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A lake-level record of Lake Ledro (northern Italy) spans the entire Holocene with a chronology derived from 51 radiocarbon dates. It is based on a specific sedimentological approach that combines data from five sediment profiles sampled in distinct locations in the littoral zone. On a millennial scale, the lake-level record shows two successive periods from 11,700 to 4500 cal yr BP and from 4500 cal yr BP to the present, characterized by lower and higher average lake levels, respectively. In addition to key seasonal and inter-hemispherical changes in insolation, the major hydrological change around 4500 cal yr BP may be related to a non-linear response of the climate system to orbitally-driven gradual decrease in insolation. The Ledro record questions the notion of an accentuated summer rain regime in the northern Mediterranean borderlands during the boreal insolation maximum. Moreover, the Ledro record highlights that the Holocene was punctuated by successive centennial-scale highstands. Correlations with the Preboreal oscillation and the 8.2 ka event, and comparison with the atmospheric 14 C residual record, suggest that short-lived lake-level fluctuations developed at Ledro in response to (1) final steps of the deglaciation in the North Atlantic area and (2) variations in solar activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Holocene palaeohydrological changes in the northern Mediterranean borderlands as reflected by the lake-level record of lake ledro, northeastern Italy

et al. 2012

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“…Speleothem workers are now making effective use of an understanding of the modern amount effect in palaeoclimatic interpretations of rainfall (e.g. Ayalon et al, 1998;Bar-Matthews et al, 1998;Fleitmann et al, 2004). Southern China is an interesting region in that it shows a strong amount effect related to the summer monsoon intensity, but observational and tree ring data further north show a transition to a relationship of δ 18 O with temperature instead (Johnson and Ingram, 2004;Liu et al, 2004).…”

Section: Atmospheric Circulation (Meteorology and Short-term Climate)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification and preservation of environmental signals in speleothems

Fairchild

Smith

Baker

et al. 2006

Earth-Science Reviews

729

506

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Speleothems are primarily studied in order to generate archives of climatic change and results have led to significant advances in identifying and dating major shifts in the climate system. However, the climatological meaning of many speleothem records cannot be interpreted unequivocally; this is particularly so for more subtle shifts and shorter time periods, but the use of multiple proxies and improving understanding of formation mechanisms offers a clear way forward.An explicit description of speleothem records as time series draws attention to the nature and importance of the signal filtering processes by which the weather, the seasons and longer-term climatic and other environmental fluctuations become encoded in speleothems. We distinguish five sources of variation that influence speleothem geochemistry: atmospheric, vegetation/soil, karstic aquifer, primary speleothem crystal growth and secondary alteration and give specific examples of their influence. The direct role of climate diminishes progressively through these five factors.We identify and review a number of processes identified in recent and current work that bear significantly on the conventional interpretation of speleothem records, for example: 1) speleothem geochemistry can vary seasonally and hence a research need is to establish the proportion of growth attributable to different seasons and whether this varies over time.2) whereas there has traditionally been a focus on monthly mean δ 18 O data of atmospheric moisture, current work emphasizes the importance of understanding the synoptic processes that lead to characteristic isotope signals, since changing relative abundance of different weather types might 1 Corresponding author, fax +44(0)1214145528, E-mail: i.j.fairchild@bham.ac.uk control their variation on the longer-term. 3) the ecosystem and soil zone overlying the cave fundamentally imprint the carbon and trace element signals and can show characteristic variations with time. 4) new modelling on aquifer plumbing allows quantification of the effects of aquifer mixing. 5) recent work has emphasized the importance and seasonal variability of CO 2 -degassing leading to calcite precipitation upflow of a depositional site on carbon isotope and trace element composition of speleothems. 6) Although much is known about the chemical partitioning between water and stalagmites, variability in relation to crystal growth mechanisms and kinetics is a research frontier. 7) Aragonite is susceptible to conversion to calcite with major loss of chemical information, but the controls on the rate of this process are obscure.Analytical factors are critical to generate high-resolution speleothem records. A variety of methods of trace element analysis are available, but standardization is a common problem with the most rapid methods. New stable isotope data on Irish stalagmite CC3 compares rapid laser-ablation techniques with the conventional analysis of micromilled powders and ion microprobe methods. A high degree of comparability between techniques ...

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“…5). Climatic reconstructions show that at the same time, the amount of precipitation decreased by 20-30% (Bar-Matthews et al, 1998). This event was not restricted to Middle East only but covered many Mediterranean regions as well as Asian and African ones (Staubwasser and Weiss, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These features in pollen spectrum coincide with period of significantly increased precipitation reconstructed on the base of various climatic proxies. It lasted from the 27 th until the 23 rd century BC (Bar-Matthews et al, 1998;Migowski et al, 2006). We can suppose that vegetation in the investigated area in this period was close to that of northern Negev today.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Absolute Chronology of the Zoogenic Deposits From the Negev Desert (Israel)

Babenko

Khassanov

2007

Geochronometria

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Zoogenic deposits are one of the most important sources of the information on the history of arid ecosystems. Different organic materials form the deposit thus offering an opportunity for palaeobotanic analysis as well as for radiocarbon dating. However, many obstacles arise while dating zoogenic deposits. Some layers can be readily dated by radiocarbon as dung layers, but some of them do not contain any organic material preserved. Three zoogenic deposits from the central part of the Negev Desert (Israel) were investigated. Azmaut deposit was accumulated more then 5000 years. This deposit is a key object of this research. The Ramon I deposit was accumulated for the last 8000 years. The observed coincidence of the changes of the deposits and the pollen spectra testifies the presence of common causes driving them. It allows us to compare the spectrum of sufficiently dated Azmaut deposit with that of the poorly dated Bsor one. The bottom layers of the Ramon I deposit were formed 2000 years earlier than that of Azmaut. Combining the results of the pollen analysis and the radiocarbon dating of the three deposits enables us to reconstruct the vegetation history of the region during the last 8000 years.

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Middle to Late Holocene (6,500 Yr. Period) Paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from Stable Isotopic Composition of Speleothems from Soreq Cave, Israel

Cited by 115 publications

References 19 publications

Holocene palaeohydrological changes in the northern Mediterranean borderlands as reflected by the lake-level record of lake ledro, northeastern Italy

Holocene palaeohydrological changes in the northern Mediterranean borderlands as reflected by the lake-level record of lake ledro, northeastern Italy

Modification and preservation of environmental signals in speleothems

The Absolute Chronology of the Zoogenic Deposits From the Negev Desert (Israel)

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