“…Using a "cognitive tools" approach is distinctly different from the traditional approach of using technology, in which information is designed by subject experts or instructional designers and then transferred to the students. By using cognitive tools in a constructive framework, learners engage in a variety of critical, creative, and complex thinking opportunities (Campbell, Wang, Hsu, Duffy, & Wolf, 2010;Hsu, Wang, & Runco, 2013;Wang, Hsu, & Campbell, 2009). The reformed technology integration approach extends students' cognitive skills by encouraging them to access multi-modal resources, organize and analyze data, interpret and evaluate information, and communicate the knowledge they have constructed to others (Lajoie & Azevedo, 2000).…”