Middle Eastern Terrorism and Netwar

Zanini, Michele

doi:10.1080/105761099265757

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The tension that exists regarding what should be defined as terrorism, and what should be considered a legitimate resistance movement or revolution, has plagued scholars for many years, and there still remain sharp divisions within the literature (Chomsky 1988;Craig 1988;Long 1990;Rapoport 1999;Zanini 1999;Cooley 2000;Wilkinson 2000;Cillufo 2001;Addison 2002;Franks 2006;Hoffman 2006).…”

Section: Defining Political Violence-rebel Groups Insurgent Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Failed States and the Spread of Terrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa

Howard

2010

Studies in Conflict & Terrorism

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Section: Defining Political Violence-rebel Groups Insurgent Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Failed States and the Spread of Terrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa

Howard

2010

Studies in Conflict & Terrorism

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“…34 For more detailed discussion of terrorist networking and swarming, see Lesser et al (1999, especially pp. 39-84), Zanini (1999), and Arquilla, Ronfeldt, and Zanini (2000). measures, with a concept of collective organization that was fluid and dynamic, but nonetheless tight.…”

Section: Military Swarming Design Elements-a Recapitulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrorism: Patterns of Internationalization

Saikia¹,

Stepanova²

2009

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This documented briefing continues the elaboration of our ideas about how the information revolution is affecting the whole spectrum of conflict. Our notion of cyberwar (1993) focused on the military domain, while our study on netwar (1996) examined irregular modes of conflict, including terror, crime, and militant social activism. Here we advance the idea that swarming may emerge as a definitive doctrine that will encompass and enliven both cyberwar and netwar. This doctrinal proposal relates to our efforts to flesh out a four-part vision of how to prepare for information-age conflict (see Arquilla and Ronfeldt, 1997, Ch. 19).We have argued, first of all, for adopting a broad concept of "information"-so that it is defined as something that refers not only to communications media and the messages transmitted, but also to the increasingly material "information content" of all things, including weapons and other sorts of systems. The next part of our vision focused on the organizational dimension, emphasizing that the information revolution empowers the network form-undermining most hierarchies. Moving on to the third part, we then exposited our ideas about developing an American grand strategy based on "guarded openness"-a principle that, for example, encourages reaching out widely with ideas about freedom and progress, while still being circumspect about diffusion of advanced information processes and technologies.In this document, we complete our four-part vision by articulating a doctrine we call "swarming," and which we believe may eventually apply across the entire spectrum of conflict-from low to high intensity, and from civic-oriented actions to military combat operations on land, at sea, and in the air.Primarily of interest to U.S. policymakers and strategists, this documented briefing will also interest those in academia and research institutes concerned with how the information revolution is altering the nature of conflict.

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“…They act secretly and use similar infrastructures, weapons and tactics for their activities. At the organizational level, however, analogies are restricted to certain types of criminal groups which also use network structures that have been shown to have tactical and strategic advantages to terrorist organizations (e.g., Arquilla and Ronfeldt 2001;Asal et al 2007;Galeotti 2002;Jones et al 2003;Tucker 2001;Zanini 1999). While some modern criminal organizations, especially when acting internationally, may indeed resort to this organizational structure, it is neither typical nor beneficial for "traditional" large-scale, hierarchically organized criminal organizations, such as the Mafia or Yakuza.…”

Section: Analogies and Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering

Krieger

Meierrieks

2011

SSRN Journal

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The core aim of this study is to propose an approach to quantitate estimation of indices-based information subject to necessities of the National Risk Assessment (NRA) of money laundering and terrorist financing (ML/TF) risks. Mathematical formalization analysis for Ukraine based on 11 indices and indicators for years 2011-2015 subject to core areas of the overall situation in a country considered within its National Risk Assessment was carried out. Authors' contribution covers scientific novelty that is a first-time analysis of a general situation in a jurisdiction in light of the National Risk Assessment's requirements based on joint consideration of various indices and setting priority to areas of the overall country's situation in the framework of conducted calculations. It was concluded that proposed approach is a valuable instrument for assessing priority of areas of the overall situation in the country for the National Risk Assessment's purposes through a formalized mechanism ensuring high objectiveness. Practical significance of this study is a possibility to reach higher efficiency in allocation of available r e-sources for the participants of the National Risk Assessment, to reduce some costs considering flexibility of the approach allowing consideration of significant volumes of information, its updating and comparison. This research could become a starting point for further research. Considering complexity of existing indices, there is a necessity to study a mechanism of their correlation and mutual influence, analyze elasticity and joint behavior, and discover the areas of preferable influence on large range of purposes not only limited to the MRA of ML/TF risks.

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Middle Eastern Terrorism and Netwar

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Failed States and the Spread of Terrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa

Failed States and the Spread of Terrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa

Terrorism: Patterns of Internationalization

Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering

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