Middle Ear Infection in Children and Its Association with Dental Caries

Kashyap, Nilotpol; Katlam, Tulsi; Alagumalai, Avinash; Kumar, Brij; Kulshrestha, Reena; Das, Pooja

doi:10.15386/cjmed-1043

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…S. mutans is one of the microorganisms inhabiting the oral cavity, which has been studied for its etiology of dental caries and infective endocarditis 71 . Interestingly, the colonization of S. mutans in mouth has been shown to be correlated with the colonization of S. pneumonia in the nasopharynx, 72 thus making S. mutans a pathogen of interest for OM treatment. Indeed, the MIC values of AgNPs and AgNPs‐PVP against S. mutans were 50 μM (~8.35 μg/ml) and 12.5 μM (~2.09 μg/ml) respectively, which were comparable to NTHi and greater than S. pneumoniae (Figure 4C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mutans is one of the microorganisms inhabiting the oral cavity, which has been studied for its etiology of dental caries and infective endocarditis. 71 Interestingly, the colonization of S. mutans in mouth has been shown to be correlated with the colonization of S. pneumonia in the nasopharynx, 72 (Figure 6E). This could be attributed to the inability for P407 chains to…”

Section: The Greater Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Agnps-pvp Than Unprotectedmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Silver nanoparticles as an effective antimicrobial against otitis media pathogens

Lang

Chen

et al. 2021

AIChE Journal

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Otitis Media (OM) is the most common reason for US children to receive prescribed oral antibiotics, leading to be a potential to cause antibiotic resistance. To minimize oral antibiotic usage, we developed polyvinylpyrrolidone‐coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs‐PVP), which completely eradicated common OM pathogens, that is, Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) at 1.04 and 2.13 μg/ml. The greater antimicrobial efficacy against S. pneumoniae was a result of the H2O2‐producing ability of S. pneumoniae and the known synergistic interactions between H2O2 and AgNPs. To enable the sustained local delivery of AgNPs‐PVP (e.g., via injection through perforated tympanic membranes), a hydrogel formulation of 18%(w/v) P407 was developed. Reverse thermal gelation of the AgNPs‐PVP‐P407 hydrogel could gel rapidly upon entering the warm auditory bullae and thereby sustained release of antimicrobials. This hydrogel‐based local delivery system completely eradicated OM pathogens in vitro without cytotoxicity, and thus represents a promising strategy for treating bacterial OM without relying on conventional antibiotics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Greater Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Agnps-pvp Than Unprotectedmentioning

confidence: 93%

Silver nanoparticles as an effective antimicrobial against otitis media pathogens

Lang

Chen

et al. 2021

AIChE Journal

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“…Whether there is a correlation between oral health and dental caries in children with MEI has also been investigated by some authors. [23][24][25] Kashyap et al 23 demonstrated that the risk of early childhood caries was found to be significantly higher in children who were diagnosed with MEI. In their study, the group with middle ear infected children showed a mean CFU of 5.6013, which differed significantly (p value = 0.001) from noninfected children group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Microbiological Salivary Status in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders

Hoxha¹,

Begzati²,

Cakolli³

2019

World Journal of Dentistry

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Aim: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and the types of streptococci mutant and Lactobacillus in the saliva of children with middle ear infection (MEI), enlarged tonsils (ET), and healthy children. Materials and methods: A sample of 93 subjects (57 males and 36 females; mean age: 8.1 ± 1 years, aged between 5 years and 15 years old) were assessed: 35 patients, with MEI, and 26 with ET, formed the study group, while 32 healthy subjects formed the control group. The participants were interviewed regarding demographic data, dietary, and oral hygiene habits. Their dental caries and oral hygiene status were clinically determined, assessing diagnostic criteria for decayed, missing, and filled teeth for primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) dentition, oral hygiene index according to Greene-Vermillion, and the gingival index (GI) according to Silness-Löe. Stimulated salivary flow rate, and salivary mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB) were also determined. Results: The groups were similar with respect to gender, using fluoride paste, visits to dentist, family income (p > 0.05), whereas there was a difference in age, educational level, method of feeding, use of pacifier, sweet eating habits, toothbrushing, saliva secretion, and rate of oral breathing (p < 0.001) between intervention and healthy group. However, higher salivary MS and LB levels were observed in MEI, and ET patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion:Our results demonstrated that patients with ET and MEI had more initial caries, gingival inflammation, dental plaque, a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate, and an increase in the level of salivary MS and LB than healthy individuals. Clinical significance: Results from our study will help not only the pediatric dentistry specialists but also the other medical professionals like pediatricians, ENT specialists, and nurses to increase their awareness regarding the importance of the overall dental health in children with an ear infection or tonsillitis.

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“…This could be as a result of bottle feeding, which is regarded hazardous since it causes negative pressure in the mouth, which is carried up to the middle ear, causing fluid buildup, infection, and early childhood caries. 17 Kashyap N et al in 2019, 18 performed a research on 120 youngsters, aged 5 and under. They were chosen at random from a variety of schools and hospitals.…”

Section: Positive Association Was Observedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of otitis media with dental caries in children: a systematic review

Aziz

Dawar²,

Jan³

et al. 2022

J REHMAN MED INST

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Introduction: Otitis media, also known as middle ear infection, refers to any inflammation of the middle ear. It may be attributable to bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae (most commonly involved), though viruses can also cause middle ear infection. It affects the pediatric group during the first three years of life, with 80% youngsters having had one otitis media episode at the minimum by age three years, 50% having had at least three episodes, while a smaller number experience their first episode after age three years. This phenomenon has also been linked to an increased presence of Streptococcus mutans which in turn raises the risk of acquiring dental caries. Objective: To determine whether an association exists between middle ear infection and the high occurrence of Streptococcus mutans that ultimately leads to dental caries in children and causes poor oral hygiene problems. Materials & Methods: A comprehensive and well-organized search of published articles was conducted in February 2022. The investigation was conducted using the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews. Articles that fulfilled the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were appraised with respect to the key objectives of the review. Results: Based on the findings of the studies highlighted in this systematic review, not only was there a positive correlation between middle ear infection and dental caries, but some data were also supplied on the nature of the link between early childhood caries and middle ear infection. Conclusion: Increased Streptococcus mutans levels in early childhood together with other contributory risk factors such as middle ear infection could enhance the incidence of early childhood dental caries.

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Middle Ear Infection in Children and Its Association with Dental Caries

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Silver nanoparticles as an effective antimicrobial against otitis media pathogens

Silver nanoparticles as an effective antimicrobial against otitis media pathogens

Determination of Microbiological Salivary Status in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders

Association of otitis media with dental caries in children: a systematic review

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