Middle Devonian (Eifelian, australis-ensensis zones) conodonts from the Jirásek quarry near Koněprusy (Barrandian area, Czech Republic) with special emphasis on the Polygnathus pseudofoliatus Group and notes on environmental changes related to the Kačák Episode

Vodrážková, Stanislava; Suttner, Thomas J.

doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1774

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Biostratigraphically constrained δ 18 O apatite values from the Carnic Alps 11 , the Prague Synform 18 and the Blankenheim section of the Eifel area 26 are correlated within biozonal boundary ranges via high-resolution magnetic susceptibility and geochemical data. Published data of other sections from Germany and from France 25 are plotted according to the absolute age 25 and correlated via conodont biozone boundaries 55 – 58 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upper Eifelian deposits are unconformably overlain by a limestone breccia, wherefore the middle/upper? part of the ensensis Biozone within the UDI was probably reworked 18 .…”

Section: Geological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several groups even produced new taxa, e.g., planktonic dacryoconarid tentaculitids like Nowakia otomari occurred with the onset of LEE1 21 . An increased intraspecific variability is observed among some polygnathid and icriodontid conodont taxa 10 , 11 , 18 , 22 . Additionally, the bathymetric changes coherent with the late Eifelian eustatic sea level rise effected the paleogeographic distribution of benthic marine organisms 23 , 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodiversity analysis has shown that mainly ammonoids 5 , 14 – 16 , conodonts 10 , 11 , 17 , 18 and trilobites 19 , 20 suffered from a certain taxonomic loss. However, it appears that extinction was not the main response of faunal communities to environmental changes but rather habitat tracking and speciation events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleotemperature record of the Middle Devonian Kačák Episode

Suttner

Kido

Joachimski

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The Middle Devonian Epoch, ~ 393–383 million years ago, is known for a peak in diversity and highest latitudinal distribution of coral and stromatoporoid reefs. About 388 million years ago, during the late Eifelian and earliest Givetian, climax conditions were interrupted by the polyphased Kačák Episode, a short-lived period of marine dys-/anoxia associated with climate warming that lasted less than 500 kyr. Reconstruction of the seawater temperature contributes to a better understanding of the climate conditions marine biota were exposed to during the event interval. To date, conodont apatite-based paleotemperatures across the Eifelian–Givetian boundary interval have been published from Belarus, France, Germany and North America (10–36° S paleolatitude). Here we provide new δ18Oapatite data from the Carnic Alps (Austria, Italy) and the Prague Synform (Czech Republic). For better approximation of the paleotemperature record across the Kačák Episode, a latitude-dependent correction for Middle Devonian seawater δ18O is applied. Because δ18Oapatite data from shallow marine sections are influenced by regional salinity variations, calculated mean sea surface temperatures (SST) are restricted to more open marine settings (22–34° S paleolatitude). Water temperatures reach ~ 34 °C in the Prague Synform and ~ 33 °C in the Carnic Alps and suggest that SSTs of the southern hemisphere low latitudes were ~ 6 °C higher than previously assumed for this time interval.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upper Eifelian deposits are unconformably overlain by a limestone breccia, wherefore the middle/upper? part of the ensensis Biozone within the UDI was probably reworked 18 .…”

Section: Geological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleotemperature record of the Middle Devonian Kačák Episode

Suttner

Kido

Joachimski

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Phosphatic fossils are represented by minute linguliform brachiopods (Mergl 2019a), fish scales, teeth and bones (Mergl et al . 2017), problematic fossil Eurytholia (Mergl 2019b), diverse conodonts (Vodrážková & Suttner 2020), and rare byronid tubes and discs. The dark interval has been correlated with the Kačák Member (Hladil et al .…”

Section: Geological and Palaeontological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Byronids and similar tubular fossils from the Devonian of the Barrandian area (Czech Republic)

Mergl

Kraft

2022

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

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Byronids are problematic fossils of possible cnidarian affinity, only rarely reported from the Devonian, but never previously studied in the Barrandian area, Czech Republic. Two new species Prestephanoscyphus branzovensis sp. nov. and Prestephanoscyphus robustus sp. nov. are erected from the Lochkovian and the Eifelian, respectively. Four poorly known species referred to Byronia are described in open nomenclature from the Emsian and Eifelian. The new genus Parabyronia gen. nov. with the type species Parabyronia elegans sp. nov. is closely related to other sphenothallids but is distinguished by transverse ridges on its theca and short spines at the apertural end of the theca. Definite identification of phosphatic rings as the attachment structure of byronids was proved by new material of the Lochkovian age. A dwarf conularia Pidiconularia gen. nov. with the type species Pidiconularia tubulata sp. nov. is remarkable by its minute size and very fine ornament; its conulariid affinity is proved by subrectangular cross-section and four internal carinae. Microstructure of theca of Prestephanoscyphus is characterised by alternation of compact laminae of aligned columnar microcrystallites and chambered laminae with isometric microcrystallites of apatite. Accretionary growth of byronid theca and structure of the holdfast with basal opening for the adhesive pedal disc support their cnidarian affinity although they likely display the bilateral instead of tetramerous symmetry. The protective function of bilaterally symmetrical whorls of internal apophyses in Prestephanoscyphus is suggested and their role in strengthening of thecal wall or supporting function of gastric septa are disputed. The byronids are regarded as epibionts rather than attached to the rocks. They are representatives of benthic groups with phosphatic shells that declined with decreasing availability of phosphorus in seas and oceans.

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