Middle Atmospheric Dynamics and Transport: Some Current Challenges to our Understanding

McIntyre, Michael E.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0693-8_1

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Mcintyre, 1990]. In particular, this study focuses on the tropical stratospheric reservoir and transport from it to northern midlatitudes following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Use of volcanic aerosols to study the tropical stratospheric reservoir

Grant¹,

Browell²,

Long³

et al. 1996

J. Geophys. Res.

103

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Aerosol data obtained by the advanced very high resolution radiometer on NOAA 11, the improved stratospheric and mesospheric sounder on the upper atmospheric research satellite, one airborne lidar system, and several ground‐based lidar systems up to 2‐1/2 years after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo are used to study stratospheric dynamics. In particular, this study focuses on the tropical stratospheric reservoir and transport from it to northern midlatitudes following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. This includes: The build‐up and removal rates for sulfate aerosol, the position and motion of the center of the reservoir, and the position and width of its boundaries at altitudes of the volcanic aerosols. Ozone data from the total ozone mapping spectrometer were also used to study the position and width of the reservoir boundaries. In addition, ground‐based lidar stratospheric aerosol data are used to study aerosol transport from the reservoir to the northern hemisphere as it relates to winds in the tropical stratosphere. Finally, historical in situ and satellite data were used to examine how the time and location of volcanic injections into the stratosphere affect the aerosol decay rates and seasonal variations of aerosol optical depth in the midlatitude stratosphere.

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“…Mcintyre, 1990]. In particular, this study focuses on the tropical stratospheric reservoir and transport from it to northern midlatitudes following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mcintyre, 1990]. During the westerly shear phase and when equatorial winds are near a westerly maximum, there is equatorward flow (convergence) with descent below.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of volcanic aerosols to study the tropical stratospheric reservoir

Grant¹,

Browell²,

Long³

et al. 1996

J. Geophys. Res.

103

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“…The dynamics of turbulence may be regarded as contained between the flow outer scale, 0, and an inner scale in the vicinity of the kinetic-energy-dissipation (Kolmogorov 1941) scale, [57] …”

Section: )[7)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is in such an intermediate range of scales that one may expect the self-similar dynamics hypothesized by Richardson (1926), [95] Kolmogorov (1941), [57] and others to be applicable and, perhaps, produce levelsets with the scale-invariant geometric similarity described by Mandelbrot as the defining characteristic offractals (Mandelbrot 1989),[75] as we'll discuss below. We will revisit this similarity property in the context of our discussion of experimental observations of scalar level-set geometrical properties.…”

Section: )[7)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These latter reports will be briefly discussed belowT akayasu (1982),[111] argued on theoretical grounds that the dynamics of turbulent flow necessarily vary with scale. He suggested that descriptions of turbulent diffusion, in particular, may be expected to require coverage dimensions that are functions of scale and not constant, i.e., in terms of the coverage, N d ()..), (57) of fluid-particle Lagrangian trajectories. Takayasu invoked Reynolds-number similarity to support his conjecture.e 2 )In his study of the geometry of the trajectory (as opposed to level set) of a one-dimensional random-walk particle as a function of step-size, ).., he employed a scale-dependent D()"), in our notation, and conjectured that such variable dimensions should be applicable to turbulent diffusion and other natural phenomena.…”

Section: An Overview Of Reports On Fractals For Turbulencementioning

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1999

NATO ASI Series

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A series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NATO Science Committee, which aims at the dissemination of advanced scientific and technological knowledge, with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities. The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with the NATO Scientific Affairs Division A Life Sciences B Physics in Cargese, France NATO-PCO-DATA BASEThe electronic index to the NATO ASI Series provides full bibliographic references (with keywords andlor abstracts) to about 50,000 contributions from international scientists published in aII sections of the NATO ASI Series. Access to the NATO-PCO-DATA BASE is possible via a CD-ROM "NATO Science and Technology Disk" with user-friendly retrieval software in English, French, and German (©WTV GmbH and DATAWARE Technologies, Inc. 1989). The CD-ROM contains the AGARD Aerospace DatabaseThe CD-ROM can be ordered through any member of the board of Publishers or through NATO-PCO, Overijse, Belgium.Additional material to this book can be downloaded from http://extra.springer.com.ISBN 978-1-4613-7127-4 ISBN 978-1-4615-4697-9 (eBook)

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Stratospheric imaging of polar mesospheric clouds: A new window on small‐scale atmospheric dynamics

Miller

Fritts

Chapman

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Instabilities and turbulence extending to the smallest dynamical scales play important roles in the deposition of energy and momentum by gravity waves throughout the atmosphere. However, these dynamics and their effects have been impossible to quantify to date due to lack of observational guidance. Serendipitous optical images of polar mesospheric clouds at ∼82 km obtained by star cameras aboard a cosmology experiment deployed on a stratospheric balloon provide a new observational tool, revealing instability and turbulence structures extending to spatial scales < 20 m. At 82 km, this resolution provides sensitivity extending to the smallest turbulence scale not strongly influenced by viscosity: the “inner scale” of turbulence, l0∼10(ν3/ϵ)1/4. Such images represent a new window into small‐scale dynamics that occur throughout the atmosphere but are impossible to observe in such detail at any other altitude. We present a sample of images revealing a range of dynamics features and employ numerical simulations that resolve these dynamics to guide our interpretation of several observed events.

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Middle Atmospheric Dynamics and Transport: Some Current Challenges to our Understanding

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Use of volcanic aerosols to study the tropical stratospheric reservoir

Use of volcanic aerosols to study the tropical stratospheric reservoir

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Stratospheric imaging of polar mesospheric clouds: A new window on small‐scale atmospheric dynamics

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