Midazolam-induced Amnesia Reduces Memory for Details and Affects the ERP Correlates of Recollection and Familiarity

Nyhus, Erika; Curran, Tim

doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00154

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…These old/new effects are therefore taken to reflect familiarity processes. A recent experiment from our laboratory used a very similar experimental design, but manipulated whether or not subjects received the amnestic drug midazolam during study (Nyhus & Curran, 2012). Following midazolam administration, FN400 old/new effects were not affected by the accuracy of the orientation judgments, as in the present results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A within-subject ERP and fMRI investigation of orientation-specific recognition memory for pictures

Herzmann

Cordes

et al. 2012

Cognitive Neuroscience

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Despite a large body of recognition memory research, its temporal, measured with ERPs, and spatial, measured with fMRI, substrates have never been investigated in the same subjects. In the present study, we obtained this information in parallel sessions, in which subjects studied and recognized images of visual objects and their orientation. The results showed that ERP-familiarity processes between 240 and 440 ms temporally preceded recollection processes and were structurally associated with prefrontal brain regions. Recollection processes were most prominent from 440 to 600 ms and correlated with activation in temporal, parietal, and occipital brain regions. Post-retrieval monitoring, which occurred in the ERP between 600 and 1000 ms as a long-lasting slow-wave over frontal channel groups, showed correlations with activation in the prefrontal and parietal cortex. These ERP/fMRI relationships showed some correspondences to source localizations of the investigated ERP memory effects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time segments and regions of interest (ROIs) were defined according to previous research (Herzmann, Willenbockel, Tanaka, & Curran, 2011; Nyhus & Curran, 2012). Mean amplitudes for each time segment were computed by averaging the channels within each ROI for each condition and subject.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A within-subject ERP and fMRI investigation of orientation-specific recognition memory for pictures

Herzmann

Cordes

et al. 2012

Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…The item and source accuracy rates are independent because all old and new items were used for calculating item rates, but only old items with non-new responses (item hits) were used for source rates (Murnane & Bayen, 1996; Nyhus & Curran, 2012). The item hit rate was calculated by dividing the number of old items with non-new responses, regardless of source accuracy, by the total number of old items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familiarity in source memory

Mollison

Curran

2012

Neuropsychologia

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Familiarity and recollection are thought to be separate processes underlying recognition memory. Event-related potentials (ERPs) dissociate these processes, with an early (approximately 300–500 ms) frontal effect relating to familiarity (the FN400) and a later (500–800 ms) parietal old/new effect relating to recollection. It has been debated whether source information for a studied item (i.e., contextual associations from when the item was previously encountered) is only accessible through recollection, or whether familiarity can contribute to successful source recognition. It has been shown that familiarity can assist in perceptual source monitoring when the source attribute is an intrinsic property of the item (e.g., an object’s surface color), but few studies have examined its contribution to recognizing extrinsic source associations. Extrinsic source associations were examined in three experiments involving memory judgments for pictures of common objects. In Experiment 1, source information was spatial and results suggested that familiarity contributed to accurate source recognition: the FN400 ERP component showed a source accuracy effect, and source accuracy was above chance for items judged to only feel familiar. Source information in Experiment 2 was an extrinsic color association; source accuracy was at chance for familiar items and the FN400 did not differ between correct and incorrect source judgments. Experiment 3 replicated the results using a within-subjects manipulation of spatial vs. color source. Overall, the results suggest that familiarity’s contribution to extrinsic source monitoring depends on the type of source information being remembered.

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“…Based on this pattern of results, the LPC was proposed as a specific index of recollection-based memory. In subsequent studies, ERP indices of familiarity and recollection were tested with regard to other characteristics of the stimuli used, such as picture orientation (Curran & Cleary, 2003;Nyhus & Curran, 2012) or color (Cycowicz, Friedman, & Snodgrass, 2001;Ecker, Zimmer, & Groh-Bordin, 2007a, 2007bGroh-Bordin, Zimmer, & Ecker, 2006). Paller, Voss, and Boehm (2007) challenged the claim that the FN400 component is a specific index of familiarity-based memory.…”

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FN400 and LPC memory effects for concrete and abstract words

et al. 2016

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According to dual-process models, recognition memory depends on two neurocognitive mechanisms: familiarity, which has been linked to the "frontal N400" (FN400) effect in studies using event-related potentials (ERPs), and recollection, which is reflected by changes in the late positive complex (LPC). Recently, there has been some debate over the relationship between FN400 familiarity effects and N400 semantic effects. According to one view, these effects are one and the same. Proponents of this view have suggested that the frontal distribution of the FN400 could be due to stimulus concreteness: recognition memory experiments commonly use highly imageable or concrete words (or pictures), which elicit semantic ERPs with a frontal distribution. In the present study we tested this claim using a recognition memory paradigm in which subjects memorized concrete and abstract nouns; half of the words changed font color between study and test. FN400 and LPC old/new effects were observed for abstract, as well as concrete words, and were stronger over right hemisphere electrodes for concrete words. However, there was no difference in anteriority of the FN400 effect for the two word types. These findings challenge the notion that the frontal distribution of the FN400 old/new effect is fully explained by stimulus concreteness.

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Midazolam-induced Amnesia Reduces Memory for Details and Affects the ERP Correlates of Recollection and Familiarity

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

A within-subject ERP and fMRI investigation of orientation-specific recognition memory for pictures

A within-subject ERP and fMRI investigation of orientation-specific recognition memory for pictures

Familiarity in source memory

FN400 and LPC memory effects for concrete and abstract words

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