Midazolam and theN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (AP-7) attenuate stress-induced expression of c-fos mRNA in the dentate gyrus

Abstract

1. The effects of restraint stress on c-fos mRNA expression in the dentate gyrus were investigated by in situ hybridization. 2. Confirming previous findings, c-fos mRNA expression increased after 30 min of forced restraint. 3. This effect was attenuated by a previous i.c.v. injection of the anxiolytic benzodiazepine midazolam (20 nmol/2 microliters) or the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (AP-7; 5 nmol/2 microliters). 4. These results suggest that the dentate gyrus is activated during restraint stress and that this activation may be modulated by benzodiazepine gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) or NMDA receptors.

Ventral hippocampus modulates bradycardic response to peripheral chemoreflex activation in awake rats

“…The presence of glutamatergic terminals and ionotropic receptors was reported in the DH of rats (Titze‐de‐Almeida et al . ; Lino de Oliveira et al . ; McEwen & Magarinos, ).…”

Altered brain activity processing in high-anxiety rodents revealed by challenge paradigms and functional mapping

“…Hitzemann and Hitzemann, 1999), attenuation of challenge-induced Fos induction by benzodiazepines was noted in various cortical brain areas, as well as subcortical areas, including the lateral septum, the BNST, the nucleus accumbens, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus (e.g. lateral, dorsomedial, preoptic area) and the thalamus (paraventricular, lateral habenula) (Beck and Fibiger, 1995a;de Medeiros et al, 2005;McGregor et al, 2004;Titze-de-Almeida et al, 1994). Furthermore, also other drugs used to treat anxiety such as buspirone (WislowskaStanek et al, 2005) or different antidepressants (Beck and Fibiger, 1995b;de Medeiros et al, 2005;Duncan et al, 1993Duncan et al, , 1996bLino-de-Oliveira et al, 2001;Morinobu et al, 1995), were shown to modulate challenge-evoked neuronal activity patterns in emotion-related brain areas.…”

Impaired Synaptic Plasticity and cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein Activation in Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type IV/Gr-Deficient Mice

“…This stimulus is associated with immediate-early activation gene expression in several brain regions, including the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus (Melia et al, 1994;Cullinan et al, 1995) and proceeds by an NMDAdependent mechanism consistent with activation of Ca 2ϩ -dependent gene expression (Titze-de-Almeida et al, 1994;Bozas et al, 1997). WT animals subjected to 30 min of restraint-stress exhibited heightened pCREB staining in several brain regions, including the hippocampus (dentate, CA1, and CA3 areas) and cerebral cortex, relative to unrestrained animals (Fig.…”