Mid- to late-life migraine diagnoses and risk of dementia: a national register-based follow-up study

Islamoska, Sabrina; Hansen, Åse Marie; Wang, Huixin; Garde, Anne Helene; Andersen, Per Kragh; Garde, Ellen; Hansen, Jakob Møller; Waldemar, Gunhild; Nabe‐Nielsen, Kirsten

doi:10.1186/s10194-020-01166-7

Cited by 35 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similar to our study, a Danish cohort study included patients with migraine with a primary diagnosis before the age of 59 years [26]. This study demonstrated a higher rate of dementia events in patients with migraine than in those without migraine [26]. Moreover, it is generally accepted that the increased cardiovascular risk of migraine is a composite effect of multiple parameters, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and dyslipidaemia [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…However, contrary to other previous studies, we did not include only older patients-we included patients with migraine who were aged over 55 years. Similar to our study, a Danish cohort study included patients with migraine with a primary diagnosis before the age of 59 years [26]. This study demonstrated a higher rate of dementia events in patients with migraine than in those without migraine [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Mid- and Late-Life Migraine Is Associated with an Increased Risk of All-Cause Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, but Not Vascular Dementia: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

Lee

Myeong

et al. 2021

JPM

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We used a nationwide cohort sample of data from 2002 to 2013, representing approximately 1 million patients to investigate the prospective association between migraine and dementia. The migraine group (n = 1472) included patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2004, aged over 55 years; the comparison group was selected using propensity score matching (n = 5888). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs). The incidence of dementia was 13.5 per 1000 person-years in the migraine group. Following adjustment for sociodemographic and comorbidities variables, patients with migraine developed dementia more frequently than those in the comparison group (adjusted HR = 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.61). In the subgroup analysis, we found a higher HR of dementia events in male, the presence of comorbidities, and older age (≥65) patients with migraine, compared to those without migraine. Moreover, patients with migraine had a significantly higher incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (adjusted HR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.08–1.58), but not vascular dementia, than those without migraine. Therefore, our findings suggest that mid- and late-life migraines may be associated with an increased incidence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, but not vascular dementia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Mid- and Late-Life Migraine Is Associated with an Increased Risk of All-Cause Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, but Not Vascular Dementia: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

Lee

Myeong

et al. 2021

JPM

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“…The risk of developing dementia after age 60 was higher among individuals with migraine in midlife than among individuals without [21]. Therefore, aging can be identi ed as a key factor that increases the incidence of dementia [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this proposition related only to migraines with aura. Another study found that, because changes in the brain indicated that cerebral small vessel disease increases the risk of most dementia types and cerebrovascular dysfunction, the vascular factors of migraine may be related to the risk of dementia [21]. Yet another study determined that acupuncture at the Buihui (GV20) and Yintang (GV29) points increased the CBF of the prefrontal lobe and hippocampus in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acupuncture Treatment to Reduce the Risk of Dementia in Patients With Migraine: A Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study

Huang¹,

Lin

Chou³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundMigraine is a recurrent headache disease that has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent dementia. In Taiwan, some patients with migraine receive acupuncture treatment for other illnesses. Therefore, the association between the effects of acupuncture treatment and the risk of dementia in patients with migraine warrants investigation. The present study collected data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to investigate the incidence of dementia in patients with migraine who did and did not concurrently receive acupuncture treatment.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective matched-cohort study that included 37,266 patients, selected from the NHIRD, who were newly diagnosed with migraine at some time between 2000 and 2012. The follow-up period ranged from the index date (the date when patients first received acupuncture after their migraine diagnosis) to dementia diagnosis, withdrawal from the insurance program, or December 31, 2013. A 1:1 propensity score method was used to match an equal number of patients (N = 11,280) in the acupuncture and nonacupuncture cohorts based on sex, age, migraine diagnosis year, index year, insurance amount, urbanization level, baseline comorbidities, and medication usage. We employed Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the risk of dementia. The cumulative incidence of dementia in both cohorts was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and the difference was assessed through a log-rank test.ResultsPatients with migraine who received acupuncture treatment were found to have a lower risk of dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.40–0.57) than those who did not undergo acupuncture treatment, after adjusting for age, sex, insurance amount, urbanization level, baseline comorbidities, and medication usage. The cumulative incidence of dementia was significantly lower in the acupuncture cohort than in the nonacupuncture cohort (log-rank test, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis propensity score–matched cohort study demonstrated an association between acupuncture treatment and dementia development in patients with migraine in Taiwan. The results suggest that acupuncture treatment significantly reduced the development of dementia in patients with migraine. However, future study is required to provide more empirical evidence.

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“…[ 11 ]. A Danish national register-based follow-up study conducted between 1935 and 1956 hypothesized that patients reporting migraine in midlife are likely to experience cognitive decline later in their life [ 12 ]. In a population-based longitudinal study, an age and gender-specific pattern has been found.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headache - A Window to Dementia: An Unexpected Twist

Sharif¹,

Saleem²,

Koumadoraki³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Migraine and other types of headaches have several symptoms associated with them. The association between migraine and dementia has been considered. It is a topic of discussion and appears to be multifactorial. Dementia is a cluster of symptoms, with memory loss and cognitive dysfunction being the prominent symptoms. In this review, we discussed the association of headache and cognitive dysfunction in a broader context and how the practiced treatment of headaches may silently lead to dementia. We conducted a thorough literature search using PubMed as our main database. The articles exploring the association between headache (both migraine and non-migraine) and dementia were included. Some risk factors like migraine-induced stroke and inherent vascular diseases in migraine patients channeling to stroke and dementia were not considered. A total of 28 studies were included for review. All the reviewed studies put together showed an association between headache and cognitive dysfunction of any form. They showed that the frequency and duration of headache is a determinant for dementia. Few studies also focused on how treating headaches with certain drugs can lead to dementia. The reviewed published literature showed that headaches of any sort and their treatment are potentially linked to dementia. Not all headache patients will require medical treatment, as the benefit might outweigh the risk sometimes. It is interim to understand these facts and formulate a better protocol for treating headache patients. However, due to some discordant results, further studies are needed.

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Mid- to late-life migraine diagnoses and risk of dementia: a national register-based follow-up study

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Mid- and Late-Life Migraine Is Associated with an Increased Risk of All-Cause Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, but Not Vascular Dementia: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

Mid- and Late-Life Migraine Is Associated with an Increased Risk of All-Cause Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, but Not Vascular Dementia: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

Acupuncture Treatment to Reduce the Risk of Dementia in Patients With Migraine: A Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study

Headache - A Window to Dementia: An Unexpected Twist

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