Mid-successional stand dynamics in a cool-temperate conifer-hardwood forest in northern Japan

Takahashi, Koichi

doi:10.1007/s11258-010-9781-2

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Many long‐term forest observational studies reported that mortality exceeds recruitment rates and that forest stands develop with reduced tree density, especially for early successional species (Abrams & Nowacki, ; Harcombe et al., ; Leak & Smith, ; Takahashi, 2010a; Vepakomma, Kneeshaw, & St‐Onge, ). This is also true in the forest stand examined in this study, that is, the total basal area increased, accompanied with reduced tree density, during 13 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is no doubt that disturbance is important to maintain species diversity (Pickett, ). Especially, in forest ecosystems with developed stratification, seedling establishment and population growth rates of shade‐intolerant species gradually decrease with stand development (Takahashi, 2010a; Takahashi, Yogo, & Ishibashi, ). However, shade‐intolerant species can dominate immediately from newly established seedlings after large disturbances because of high growth rates in bright conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stand dynamics and competition in a mixed forest at the northern distribution limit of evergreen hardwood species

Takahashi

Ikeyama

Okuhara

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Tree species of three growth forms (evergreen conifers, deciduous hardwoods, and evergreen hardwoods) codominate at the northern distribution limit of evergreen hardwoods in central Japan. This study examined the stand dynamics and competition during 13 years at a single plot to reveal how three growth forms codominate at the ecotone. Species were characterized as large DBH and low tree density for evergreen conifers, and conversely for evergreen hardwoods. Total basal area increased during the examined period, accompanied with the reduction in tree density (i.e., mortality exceeded the recruitment rate). Mortality increased with time especially for small trees of deciduous hardwoods. The effect of competition among the three growth forms on tree growth was not detected. Species were classified into two axes. Ingrowth and recruitment rates of large evergreen conifers were lower than those of small evergreen hardwoods. The population growth rate was lower in species with greater mortality within each growth form. Deciduous hardwoods showed the highest mortality and lowest population growth rates among the three growth forms. Although the tree‐ring analysis revealed that disturbances occurred to some extent, the current disturbance regime would not trigger the regeneration of deciduous hardwoods. This study suggests that negative relations of maximum DBH with ingrowth and recruitment rates contribute to codominance of evergreen conifers and evergreen hardwoods, and more frequent or larger disturbances than at present are necessary for regeneration of deciduous hardwoods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stand dynamics and competition in a mixed forest at the northern distribution limit of evergreen hardwood species

Takahashi

Ikeyama

Okuhara

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…The forest was well reserved, and therefore, there were no anthropogenic effects on the vegetation. Takahashi [21] described the vegetation and stand structure of this forest.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schm. dominate in a cool-temperate conifer-hardwood mixed forest in northern Japan [21]. This study analyzes the population structure and dynamics of the four most dominant species based on size structure, gap regeneration and tree competition by using the 10-year data of permanent plots to examine how regeneration traits differ among the four most dominant species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Regeneration Traits of Four Dominant Species in a Cool-Temperate Conifer-Hardwood Mixed Forest, Northern Japan

Takahashi¹

2017

AJPS

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Regeneration traits of four dominant species were studied during a decade in a cool-temperate conifer-hardwood mixed forest, northern Japan. Dominant species were three canopy species (Tilia japonica, Acer mono and Abies sachalinensis) and a subcanopy species Prunus ssiori. Regeneration traits differed among the four dominant species. The regeneration of a conifer Abies sachalinensis largely depends on major disturbances because its size structure was a bell-shaped pattern. The growth rate of the sub-canopy species Prunus ssiori increased faster with tree size than the other three species, and therefore, this species can reach reproductive stage faster. Although the number of recruits of Tilia japonica was less than the other three dominant species, about one-fourth of Tilia japonica regenerated by the sprouts. Thus, vegetative reproduction is important for the regeneration of Tilia japonica. On the contrary, many recruits were observed in Acer mono, and its recruits and saplings concentrated in canopy gaps, suggesting that the regeneration of Acer mono restricted to canopy gaps. Thus, clear differences in the regeneration traits were recognized in the four dominant species. This study suggests that the species-specific regeneration traits contribute to the species coexistence of the four dominant species through different regeneration niches.

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“…These two different groups of species differ with respect to parameters such as seed traits and seedling size, and consequently exhibit different growth rates and survival success (Hewitt ; Poorter et al. ; Takahashi ). Furthermore, the risk of browsing and consumption (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensification of domestic ungulate grazing delays secondary forest succession: evidence from exclosure plots

Laskurain

Aldezábal

Olano

et al. 2012

J Vegetation Science

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Questions What is the relative importance of direct herbivory compared to microsite modification in ungulate impacts on secondary forest succession? Do domestic ungulate impacts differ between small‐seeded pioneers and large‐seeded late successional species? Location Birch–beech secondary forest (Betula celtiberica and Fagus sylvatica), Bizkaia, Northern Spain. Methods We conducted a detailed spatial analysis of 216 permanent 1‐m2 subplots that were distributed among six plots, of which three were fenced (each plot was 3600‐m2) and three were unfenced (each plot was 1296‐m2). Within each subplot, the emergence and survival rates of all tree, shrub and vine species were monitored. In total, 21 censuses of the subplots were conducted across 4 yr (1998–2001). Ungulate abundance was measured by using the pellet counting method. Structural equation models were applied to model the entire recruitment process. Results Emergence and survival rates differed between small‐ and large‐seeded species, and the effect of domestic ungulates (primarily sheep) on these rates depended on seed traits. Sheep did not affect the emergence of large‐seeded species (e.g. beech and ivy), but did result in a decline in their survival. In contrast, the emergence of small‐seeded species (e.g. birch) was promoted through an increase in bare soil cover because of trampling by the ungulates, but no significant effect on survival was observed. Interestingly, the sheep prompted differences in the role of the understorey vegetation: the understorey composition was able to promote the survival of large‐seeded species growing in unfenced conditions by reducing the risk of herbivore predation, but had a negative effect on the survival of small‐seeded species because of low light availability under the shaded shrub canopies. Conclusions Our results clearly highlight that sheep can change the seedling bank structure in a secondary temperate forest, thereby affecting the dynamics and structure of forest remnants. This impact should be included as a critical driver in current predictive models of forest dynamics in temperate regions, since herbivore pressure is increasing in forests across Europe due to an increase in wild ungulate populations and livestock.

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Mid-successional stand dynamics in a cool-temperate conifer-hardwood forest in northern Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Stand dynamics and competition in a mixed forest at the northern distribution limit of evergreen hardwood species

Stand dynamics and competition in a mixed forest at the northern distribution limit of evergreen hardwood species

Regeneration Traits of Four Dominant Species in a Cool-Temperate Conifer-Hardwood Mixed Forest, Northern Japan

Intensification of domestic ungulate grazing delays secondary forest succession: evidence from exclosure plots

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